阶段性改变模式行为干预预防复发脑卒中患者跌倒的效果观察

目的探讨阶段性改变模式行为干预预防复发脑卒中患者跌倒的效果。方法将172例复发脑卒中患者,根据随机数字表分为干预组87例和对照组85例。干预组住院期间及出院后给予阶段性改变模式的行为干预措施,包括无意图期、意图期、准备期、行动期和维持期干预,评估患者所属阶段实施相应干预措施;对照组接受常规健康教育及出院后指导。两组患者分别于出院后1周、3个月、6个月进行电话随访,比较两组间跌倒发生率。结果出院6个月干预组失访5例,发生跌倒5例;对照组失访9例,发生跌倒16例,两组失访患者一般资料差异无统计学意义,跌倒发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.412,P=0.011)。结论运用阶段性改变模式进行行为干预,可以降低复发脑卒中患者跌倒的发生率,帮助脑卒中患者建立健康的行为模式。

Effect of Periodic Behavior Change Model on Prevention of Fall of Stroke Patients

Objective To probe into the effect of periodic behavior change model on prevention of fall of stroke patients. Methods A total of 172 patients were divided into control group （n=85） and intervention group （n=87）. Periodic behavior change model was implemented in intervention group during hospitalization and after discharge including interventions in precontemplation stage, contemplation stage, preparation stage, action stage and maintenance stage and the evaluation on the interventions in different states was conducted. Patients in control group received conventional health education and guidance after discharge. Telephone follow-up was conducted in patients in both groups one week, three months and six months after discharge for the fall incidence. Results Five cases were lost to follow-up and five cases of fall occurred in intervention group while nine cases lost to follow-up and sixteen cases of fall in control group. There was statistical significance of the fall incidence but no in the general information of patients in both groups （χ2=6.412, P=0.011）. Conclusion Periodic behavior change model is effective for the reducing of fall incidence of stroke patients and helps to establish a healthy behavior model for stroke patients.