股神经阻滞的应用解剖学定位研究

目的　为股神经阻滞的定位提供解剖学基础。 方法　①新鲜成人尸体5具, 行羧甲基纤维素/氧化铅水凝胶行一次性全身动脉造影，CT扫描与三维重建。②乳胶灌注标本5具，层次解剖股前内侧区，重点观测股三角内股动脉及其主要分支与股神经的位置关系。 结果　与股神经阻滞相关的结构位于腹股沟韧带与经股骨大转子的平行线之间，两直线间的距离为(5.8±1.6)cm。股深动脉恰于平行线水平与股神经相交(85%)。 结论　①股神经阻滞的安全区域位于腹股沟韧带与其平行线之间；②直接体绘制方法可用于对血管及其它器官定位的基础研究。

Applied anatomy of femoral nerve block

Objective To determine the anatomical basis of an algorithm for needle insertion in femoral nerve block.　Methods　Five unfixed corpses underwent whole body carboxymethylcellulose/lead oxide injection for CT scanning and three-dimensional reconstruction. Five bodies were injected with red latex. Femoral triangle were dissected by layers to document the precise course，location and relationships of the femoral nerve，femoral artery，and other anatomical structures with relevance to the femoral nerve block. Results Structures relevant to the femoral nerve block were located between the inguinal ligament and a line parallel to it at the level of the greater trochanter. The distance between the two lines was (5.8±1.6) cm. Profunda femoris artery was could be frequently encountered at the level of the parallel line, which crossed the femoral nerve in 85 percentages point.　Conclusions　The safe zone of femoral nerve block is located between the inguinal ligament and a line parallel to it. ?Using volume rendering technique is very useful for study of the location and relationships of artery with other structures.