母乳喂养6月龄婴幼儿铁缺乏状况及其影响因素分析

目的了解母乳喂养儿6月龄铁营养状况及影响因素。方法选取马鞍山市妇幼保健院儿童保健科监测的足月、出生体重≥2 500g的健康婴儿作为研究对象,定期随访,调查其4月龄喂养方式,6月龄时进行末梢血常规和血清铁蛋白检测。结果母乳喂养6月龄婴幼儿铁缺乏的检出率明显高于人工喂养儿,差异具有统计学意义;其隐性铁缺乏的检出率高达23.2%;调整婴儿喂养方式、性别、孕周、母亲文化程度等混杂因素,进行多因素logistic回归分析,出生体重≤3 100g（OR=2.09,95%CI：1.20～3.61）和0～6月龄体重增长偏快（OR=2.03,95%CI：1.14～3.63）是纯母乳喂养儿铁缺乏的影响因素。结论对6月龄婴儿采取铁缺乏的普遍性筛查,及时评估铁缺乏危险因素,及早干预,对改善婴幼儿铁营养状况有重要意义。

Analysis of iron deficiency and its influential factors of fully breasffed infants aged 6 months.

Objective To describe the prevalence of iron deficiency in full breastfed infants aged 6 months and explore its influential factors. Methods The full - term healthy infants who were born with a birth weight ≥ 2500g and received child health care at health care department of maternal and child health centers in Maanshan city were selected as the study participants. Infant feeding types were recorded in the regular follow - up. Routine blood test and serum ferritin were examined in infants at 6 months of age. Results The prevalence of iron deficiency in fully breasffed infants aged 6 months was significantly higher than those in formula feeding （ P 〈0.05 ） and the prevalence of latent iron depletion was up to 23.2%. Adjusted for infant feeding types, gender, gestational weeks, educational degree of mothers, the multiple logistic regressions showed that birth weight ≥ 3100g （ OR =2： 09, 95% Cl： 1.20-3.61 ） and weight gain growing too fast since birth （ OR = 2. 03, 95 % CI： 1.14 - 3.63 ） were both risk factors for iron deficiency in fully breastfed infants. Conclusion Iron nutritional status in fully breastfed infants aged 6 months are worth paying attention to. Assessing risk factors, early screening and early intervention are crucial to improving the iron nutritional status in infants.