0~5岁小儿急性腹泻病原微生物检验结果分析

目的：了解5岁以下小儿腹泻病原微生物的构成情况,为采取合理有效的治疗措施提供依据。方法：收集2011年4月至2013年3月5岁以下住院腹泻患儿的粪便标本310份,进行常规细菌培养,筛检致病菌;同时采用ELISA法检测病毒,利用聚合酶链反应方法进行病毒分型。结果：病毒检测阳性121例（39.03%）,其中人轮状病毒为主要致病病毒;检出致病菌24例（7.74%）,以沙门菌为主;未发现病毒和细菌同时感染,男女性患儿感染性腹泻检出率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。人轮状病毒感染主要流行于秋冬季,流行型为G2、G3和P[8],18~23周龄儿童多发;而细菌性和杯状病毒性腹泻主要流行于夏季。结论：永川地区人轮状病毒感染是导致5岁以下婴幼儿感染性腹泻的主要原因,同时细菌性感染也占了一定比例,需要加强病原体监测,为临床治疗提供依据。

Analysis of the pathogen microbes in 0 to 5 years old children with acute diarrhea

Objective：To knowledge the characteristics of pathogen microbes in 0 to 5 years old children with acute diarrhea,and provide the basis for effective treatment. Methods：The 310 stool specimens from less than 5 years old children with diarrhea were collected for routine bacteria culture to screen the pathogenic bacteria from April 2012 to March 2013. The virus was detected using ELISA,and virus genotype was determined by PCR. Results：The virus in 121 cases（39. 03%） were postive,the rotavirus was the main pathogenic virus. The bacteria in 24 cases（7. 74%） were positive,the Salmonella was imjor. Virus and bacterial co-infection was not found. The difference of infection rate between gender was not statistical significance（P〉0. 05）. Rotavirus infection occured mainly in Autumn and Winter,the popular type was G2,G3,and P[8],18 to 23 weeks old children were a high-risk group. The bacterial and goblet viral diarrhea was prevalent in summer. Conclusions：Rotavirus infection is the main pathogen of infectious diarrhea,bacterial infection also accounted for certain proportion in Yongchuan district. Strengthening the pathogen monitoring can provide the basis for clinical treatment.