海洛因依赖者三维人格特点研究

目的 探讨海洛因依赖者中三维人格问卷(TPQ)中文版的信度及其三维人格特点.方法 采用TPQ调查海洛因依赖者( n =358)、男性尼古丁依赖者( n =114)和正常对照人群( n =200)的人格特点.其中78例海洛因依赖者10 d后进行重测,分析TPQ的信度.结果 (1)TPQ的猎奇性(NS)、伤害回避(HA) 和犒赏依赖性(RD)3个维度在2次测查中重测相关性良好(r为0.87,0.84和0.64,均P <0.01).NS、HA和RD的Alpha系数分别为0.72,0.71和0.29.(2)海洛因依赖组HA分明显高于对照组(15.25±5.95)分,(13.22±6.27)分,t =13.65,P <0.01],RD分明显低于对照组(17.08±3.28)分,(18.29±3.83)分,t =15.07,P <0.01].(3)海洛因依赖组中TPQ3个维度的性别均差异有显著性( P <0.01).男性海洛因依赖组的NS和HA分明显高于男性正常对照(16.99±4.76)分,(15.29±4.60)分, P <0.01;(14.46±6.01)分,(12.31±6.00)分,P <0.01],RD分明显低于对照;与尼古丁依赖者比较,男性海洛因依赖组具有明显的高NS分、低RD分,差异有显著性( P <0.01).女性海洛因依赖组只有HA分明显高于女性对照.结论 海洛因依赖者中TPQ的信度尚可;男女海洛因依赖者的三维人格特点不同,前者有高NS分、高HA分和低RD分的特点,这为海洛因依赖早期干预提供了科学依据.

A study on tridimensional personality characteristics of heroin dependence

Objective To test the reliability of the Chinese version of tridimensional personality questionnaire(TPQ) and to explore three-dimentional personality characteristics of heroin dependence. Methods Personality characteristics of 358 heroin dependers,114 male smoker and 200 normal controls were investigated using the TPQ. 78 heroin depender were examined 10 days later to test the reliability of TPQ.Results (1) Retest reliabilities of the three higher-order dimensions of the novelty seeking(NS),reward dependence(RD) and harm avoidance(HA) were all good( r =0.87,P <0.01;r =0.84,P <0.01,r =0.64,P <0.01).The dimension's Alpha split of NS or HA were 0.72 and 0.71,respectively. While RD's Alpha split was just 0.29. (2) NS was higher but not significantly in the heroin-dependenc group than normal controls(P =0.09),but the former had significantly higher HA and lower RD (15.25±5.95) vs (13.22±6.27),t =13.65,P <0.01;(17.08±3.28) vs(18.29±3.83),t =15.07,P <0.01]. (3)There were significantly sex differences in all the three higher-order dimensions of TPQ in the heroin-dependence group( P <0.01). Male heroin dependers had significantly higher NS ,higher HA and lower RD than male controls(16.99±4.76) vs(15.29±4.60), P =0.002;(14.46±6.01) vs (12.31±6.00),P =0.002],and male heroin dependers had significantly higher NS,lower RD than male smokers( P <0.001).Compared with female controls,female heroin dependers only had significantly higher HA.Conclusion Reliability of the TPQ is good. Sex difference in personality characteristics of heroin depender exits. Male heroin depender have high NS,high HA,and low RD,which can provide scientific data for early intervention of heroin dependence.