Effect of nerve activity on the in vivo release of [3H]serotonin continuously formed from L-[3H]tryptophan in the caudate nucleus of the cat.

A new isotopic approach has been developed to study the in vivo release of serotonin (5-HT). 'Encéphale isolé' cats were implanted with a push-pull cannula in the ventrocaudal part of the head of the caudate nucleus to estimate the release of 3H]5-HT continuously synthesized from L-3H]tryptophan. Both 3H]5-HT and 3H]tryptamine were found in superfusates. Resting steady state in the release of 3H]indoleamines was observed as soon as 20 min after the beginning of the superfusion with L-3H]tryptophan; the levels of 3H]5-HT in superfusates were 2.5 times those of 3H]tryptamine and about 6 times the blank value. They were markedly enhanced in the presence of fluoxetine (5 x 10(-6)M), a blocker of the 5-HT uptake process. A marked increase in the release of 3H]5-HT was seen during the local depolarization of 5-HT terminals with potassium chloride (60 mM) or batrachotoxin (10(-6)M) or during the stimulation of 5-HT cell bodies in the nucleus raphe dorsalis with L-glutamic acid (5 x 10(-5)M). These treatments did not enhance the efflux of 3H]tryptamine. The potassium-evoked release of 3H]5-HT was reduced by LSD (10(-5)M). LSD added alone in the superfusing fluid was without effect. The batrachotoxin-evoked release of 3H]5-HT was inhibited in the presence of tetrodotoxin (9 x 10(-6)M). The spontaneous release of 3H]5-HT and 3H]tryptamine was markedly reduced in the presence of a calcium-free medium containing cobalt (10 mM). A transient slight reduction in the spontaneous release of 3H]5-HT was observed in the presence of tetrodotoxin (9 x 10(-6)M). The local cooling of 5-HT cell bodies with a cryoelectrode induced a slight reversible decrease in 3H]5-HT release. These last two treatments were without significant effect on 3H]tryptamine efflux in superfusates. These results indicate that the release of 3H]5-HT endogenously formed from 3H]tryptophan is dependent on nerve activity and that this is not the case for 3H]tryptamine. The advantages of the isotopic approach for in vivo studies on the release of 5-HT are discussed.