The association between mood and anxiety disorders with vascular diseases and risk factors in a nationally representative sample |
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Authors: | Fiedorowicz Jess G He Jianping Merikangas Kathleen R |
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Affiliation: | a Department of Psychiatry, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IAb Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IAc Genetic Epidemiology Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD |
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Abstract: | ObjectiveTo investigate the association between mood and anxiety disorders and vascular diseases after controlling for vascular disease risk factors.MethodsUsing a nationally representative sample of adults (N=5692) from the National Comorbidity Survey-Replication (NCS-R), participants with mood disorders were hierarchically classified as having any lifetime history of mania, hypomania, or major depression. Anxiety disorders were also assessed. The reference group consisted of those without mental disorders. Vascular disease was determined by self-reported history of heart disease, heart attack, or stroke on the NCS-R survey. Vascular risk factors included diabetes, high blood pressure, and obesity.ResultsIn multivariate logistic regression models that controlled for obesity, high blood pressure, smoking and diabetes, vascular disease was associated with bipolar disorder in women [odds ratio (OR) 2.80, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.63-4.80], and major depressive disorder in men (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.17-2.92). Controlling for anxiety disorders reduced the associations in both men and women, and in fact, anxiety disorders were more strongly associated with vascular diseases in men, whereas bipolar disorder continued to be an important correlate of vascular disease in women.ConclusionThese findings demonstrate the importance of evaluation of sex differences, mood disorder subtype and co-occurring anxiety disorders in assessing the association between mood disorders and vascular diseases. Future research should investigate potential biologic mechanisms for these associations in order to define potential targets for intervention. |
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Keywords: | Anxiety disorders Diabetes mellitus Hypertension Obesity Mood disorders Vascular diseases |
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