经眶下孔注射相关炎症因子制造大鼠三叉神经痛模型的实验研究

目的：经 SD 大鼠眶下孔注射炎症因子肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）以制造一种新型的大鼠三叉神经痛（TGN）模型。方法将大鼠随机分为4组，即生理盐水组（NS 组）、TNF-α组、IL-1β组、TNF-α+ IL-1β组；各组分别于大鼠眶下孔注射等量的生理盐水和 TNF-α或 IL-1β。观察并比较注射后不同时段各组大鼠注射侧触须垫机械痛阈、自发行为学改变以及电镜观察组织改变。结果从注射后3 d 至注射后8周，各炎症因子注射组大鼠均出现注射侧触须垫痛觉过敏及搔抓面部次数增多，同 NS 组相比，差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）；各炎症因子注射组间差异无统计学意义。各炎症因子注射组大鼠眶下神经及三叉神经节均出现不同程度的脱髓鞘改变，而 NS 组大鼠则无脱髓鞘现象。结论利用炎症因子 TNF-α、IL-1β经大鼠眶下孔注射，可使大鼠产生类似 TGN 症状和病理学变化，该 TGN 模型更接近于临床且造模方法简便。

An experimental study of injecting inflammatory cytokines through infraorbitalfossa to manufacture rat model of trigeminal neuralgia

Objective To establish a rat model of trigeminal neuralgia by injecting inflammatory cytokines,TNF-αand IL-1β through infraorbital foramen. Methods Rats were randomly divided into four groups:normal saline group,TNF-α group,IL-1β group and TNF-α + IL-1β group. Rats in each group were injected with the same e-quivalent of normal saline and TNF-α or IL-1β,respectively. The mechanical withdrawal threshold of the injecting side of vibrissa pad,video detection of spontaneous behavior and the organizational change in electron microscopy were observed and compared in each group of rats. Results From 3 d to 8 w after injection,rats in all cytokines injecting groups appeared hyperalgesia in the vibrissa pad. And there was an increased frequency of scratching the face at the same time. Compared with the normal saline group,it was significantly different(P < 0. 05). However, there was not significant difference among TNF-α group,IL-1β group and TNF-α + IL-1β group. Nerve demyeli-nations were observed in both infraorbital nerve and trigeminal ganglion in all cytokines injecting group,while there was no demyelination in the normal saline group. Conclusion Injecting cytokines,TNF-α and / or IL-1β can make a trigeminal neuralgia model which is easy to operate and very close to the trigeminal neuralgia in clinic.