大城市建筑工地农民工获取艾滋病基本知识的有效途径探讨

目的探索在农民工人群开展有效的艾滋病防治策略。方法参照国家艾滋病防治督导与评估框架中，关于大众艾滋病基本知识知晓率的调查方法，选取北京市两个较大的建筑工地，在知情同意下，对农民工艾滋病基本知识知晓率，以及获取艾滋病知识的途径进行问卷调查。结果共调查371名农民工，艾滋病基本知识知晓率为50．4％。农民工对艾滋病基本知识中的不同问题的知晓程度存在明显的差异，关于血液传播、母婴传播、性途径传播三种传播途径的知识知晓率最高，为50％～70％；对艾滋病防治知识的知晓率为50．4％；对蚊虫叮咬是否传播艾滋病，近70％回答不正确。被调查农民工目前获知艾滋病知识前三位的途径分别是电视广播、报刊书籍和免费宣传材料，分别占43．39％、34．24％和32．54％。同时这也是农民工最喜欢的获取艾滋病知识的途径。结论被调查农民工艾滋病基本知识知晓率较低，在进一步加大对农民工人群宣传教育力度的同时，应注重采用农民工获取知识的有效途径开展宣传教育。

Effective IEC strategy for HIV/AIDS prevention and control among migrant workers at metropolitan construction sites

Objective To explore effective information,education and communication （IEC） strategy for HIV/AIDS prevention and control among migrant workers at metropolitan construction sites. Methods Interviewed migrand workers were all from two construction sites in Beijing through local community centers. According to the national monitoring and evaluation （M＆E） guideline, information about their awareness and effective approaches to get the knowledge on HIV/ AIDS was collected with informed consent. All the interviews were conducted confidentially. Results A total of 371 mi- grant workers from two construction sites in Beijing were interviewed.The awareness of HIV/AID8 accounted for 50.4%. Their levels of awareness were different in respect with different questions. A large number of them were more aware of the typical infection routes including unprotected sex behavior, mother-to-child transmission and transmission viablood transfusion. The most effective approaches for them to get the knowledge about HIV/AIDS prevention were television/ media, newspaper/booklet and free educational pamphlets, which were also considered as the best approaches by migrant workers to get that knowledge. Conclusion Lower awareness among the interviewed migrant workers suggest that more intensive and effective health education strategies should be developed to cover more migrant workers at constriction sites, especially to make the IEC measures more effective.