江苏省中老年人牙周健康状况及影响因素分析

目的了解江苏省35~74岁人群的牙周健康状况及其相关影响因素,为开展中老年人牙周疾病的防治提供信息支持。方法采用分层、多阶段、等容量随机抽样的方法,抽取江苏省35~74岁城乡居民447人,其中35~44岁146人,55~64岁153人,65~74岁148人。按照第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查检查标准,采用CPI探针检查全口牙的牙龈出血、牙石、牙周袋和附着丧失状况,并进行问卷调查。结果35~44岁、55~64岁、65~74岁人群,牙龈出血人均牙数和检出率分别为11.3(95.2%)、11.3(95.4%)、8.2(87.2%),牙石人均牙数和检出率分别为21.3(100.0%)、21.5(99.4%)、18.0(98.0%),浅牙周袋人均牙数和检出率分别为1.6(38.4%)、3.0(64.1%)、2.3(53.4%),深牙周袋人均牙数和检出率分别为0.1(2.1%)、0.3(13.1%)、0.2(10.1%),牙周附着丧失人均牙数和检出率分别为1.2(32.2%)、6.0(76.5%)、6.4(87.2%),牙周健康检出率分别为2.1%、0.7%、4.1%。单因素分析显示牙周炎与年龄、性别、学历、吸烟有统计学意义(P<0.05),多元Logistic回归分析显示:年龄为牙周炎的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论本次调查显示江苏省中老年人牙周健康和口腔卫生状况较差。年龄、性别、学历、吸烟等可能是影响牙周健康状况的相关因素。应加强中老年人口腔预防保健工作,努力改善中老年人口腔健康状况。

Analysis of periodontal health status and influencing factors of middle-aged and elderly people in Jiangsu Province

Objective To describe the periodontal health status among people in Jiangsu aged 35-74 and explore the risk factors of periodontitis,and to provide information supporting for the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases in middle-aged and elderly people.Methods A stratified,multistage,equal-capacity,randomized sampling design was applied to obtain three groups’samples,including 146 people aged 35-44,153 people aged 55-64 and 148 people aged 65-74.Gingival bleeding,dental calculus,periodontal pocket,and attachment loss were checked by using CPI probe according to the Guideline for the fourth National Oral Health Survey.A questionnaire survey was conducted.Results In the age group of 35-44,55-64 and 65-74,the mean affected teeth and the prevalence rates of gingival bleeding were 11.3(95.2%),11.3(95.4%),8.2(87.2%).The mean affected teeth and the prevalence rates of dental calculus were 21.3(100%),21.5(99.4%),18.0(98.0%).The mean affected teeth and the prevalence rates of shallow periodontal pocket were 1.6(38.4%),3.0(64.1%),2.3(53.4%).The mean affected teeth and the prevalence rates of deep periodontal pocket were 0.1(2.1%),0.3(13.1%),0.2(10.1%).The mean affected teeth and the prevalence rates of attachment loss were 1.2(32.2%),6.0(76.5%),6.4(87.2%),and the prevalence rates of periodontal health were 2.1%,0.7%and 4.1%.The univariate analysis showed that the periodontitis was associated with age,gender,education background and smoking(P<0.05).In the multivariate logistic regression analysis,the risk factor of periodontitis was age(P<0.05).Conclusion Periodontal health and oral hygiene of middle-aged and elderly people in Jiangsu are poor.Age,gender,education background and smoking may be the related factors affecting periodontal health.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the oral prevention and health care of the middle-aged and elderly people,and try to improve the oral health.