宁波市贝(甲)壳类海产品中致病性气单胞菌的分布

目的了解市售新鲜贝（甲）壳类海产品中致病性气单胞菌的携带及分布。方法用分步筛选的方法，筛检测贝（甲）壳类海产品中疑似致病性气单胞菌，再对疑似菌株进行系统生化定型。结果从13类2431份市售贝（甲）壳类海产品中检出致病性气单胞菌8种1946株，检出率为80．05％。检出的致病性气单胞菌以嗜水气单胞菌数量最多，占总数的38．26％；海产品带菌率最高为海瓜子，达145．31％。牡蛎、淡菜、海螺3类海产品检出的致病性气单胞菌种类和数量相对较少，同一样品中检出2种以上致病性气单胞菌有542份，占22．23％。结论检测发现市售新鲜贝（甲）壳类海产品携带致病性气单胞菌较普遍，贝壳类的致病性气单胞菌携带率高于甲壳类。结果提示，市售新鲜贝（甲）壳类海产品是一类诱发气单胞菌疾病的危险因子，而本地居民对该海产品的食用习惯多为生食或半生食，进一步增加了食用不安全性。因此，建议食用时应注意烹饪方法，以减少气单胞菌等疾病的发生。

Incidence and Distribution of Pathogenic Aeromonas in Shellfish in Ningbo City

Objective To investigate the incidence and distribution of Aeromonas in fresh retail shellfish and crustacean.Methods Suspected pathogenic Aeromonas were screened from shellfish and crustacean through stepped screening method and strains were finally classified with biochemical reactions.Results 1946 strains of 8 types were identified from 2 431 samples of retail shellfish and crustacean of 13 kinds.The positive rate was 80.05%.Aeromonas hydrophila(Ah)was dominate one,accounting for 38.26% in total.The highest carrying rate was found in clams which was up to 145.31%.Fewer species and bacteria amount were found in conches,mussels and oysters.Over 2 types of pathogenic Aeromonas were detected in 542 samples(22%,542/2 431). Conclusion High incidence of pathogenic Aeromonas was identified in retail shellfish and crustacean.There was higher carrying rate of pathogenic Aeromonas in shellfish than in crustacean.Results showed that fresh retail shellfish and crustacean was a risk factor for the occurence of diseases associated with Aeromonas.The unsafety was augmented by the living food or semi-living food diet habit among local inhabitants.It is proposed that better cooking methods be required to lower the occurrence.