蛛网膜下腔出血钠代谢失衡的临床分析

目的分析蛛网膜下腔出血钠代谢失衡的原因、特点、处理方法及对预后的影响。方法回顾性分析58例蛛网膜下腔出血患者并发钠代谢紊乱的临床资料。结果低钠血症发生率22.41%,高钠血症为5.17%。发生钠代谢失衡的患者意识障碍发生率、脑血管痉挛发生率、病死率均高于正常血钠组,低钠血症发生脑血管痉挛的危险较其他2组高。结论蛛网膜下腔出血患者发生钠代谢失衡与疾病本身的病理生理机制有关。低钠血症的发生率高于高钠血症,高钠血症一旦发生很难纠正,应积极消除造成高钠血症的因素,以预防为主。低钠血症与脑血管痉挛相关,发生后要及时纠正,要注意补钠的方法与速度。

Analysis of sodium metabolism out of balance after subarachnoid hemorrhage

Objective To analyze the reason,characteristics and treatment of sodium metabolism out of balance after subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH) and effects on patient's prognosis.Methods The clinical data of the 58 patients were retrospectively analyzed.The serum sodium density was measured.The patients with sodium metabolism out of balance were treated respectively according to their pathogen.Results Hyponatremia was 22.41%,hypernatremia was 5.17%.The unconscious rate,vasospasm rate,mortality rate in the patients with sodium metabolism out of balance were statistically higher than that in patients without it.Hyponatremia's vasospasm rate was higher than others.Conclusion The sodium metabolism out of balance after subarachnoid hemorrhage is related to pathologic and physiologic mechanism of SAH.The percentage of hyponatremia is higher than hypernatremia.Hypernatremia is very difficult to rectify,the prognosis is dangerous.So preventing is very important.Hyponatremia is related to vasospasm,it should be positive rectify once occurrenced,but We should be attention with the treating method and speed.