Bone Mineral Density Around the Knee Joint: Correlation With Central Bone Mineral Density and Associated Factors |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea;;2. Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea;1. Dow Institute of Radiology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan;2. Department of Research, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan;1. Spinal Cord Injury and Disorders Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA;2. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA;3. Department of Veterans Affairs Rehabilitation Research & Development Service National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA;4. Departments of Medicine and Rehabilitation Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA;5. Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation, West Orange, NJ, USA;6. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA;1. Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, Pune, India;2. NutriCanvas, Mumbai, India;1. Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan;2. Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;3. Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan;4. Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou/TaoYuan, Taiwan;5. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan;6. Keelung Osteoporosis Prevention and Treatment Center, Keelung, Taiwan;7. Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan |
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| Abstract: | Introduction: The aims of this study were to (1) assess the bone mineral density (BMD) around the knee joint, (2) determine the correlation between central and knee BMDs, and (3) investigate the factors associated with BMD around the knee joint in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methodology: This cross-sectional study included 122 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty. Central and knee dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was performed preoperatively. BMD at 6 regions of interest (ROIs) around the knee joint were measured, and their correlations with central BMD were determined using Spearman's correlation analysis. Lower limb alignment, severity of OA, body mass index (BMI), preoperative functional and pain scores were assessed to elucidate the factors associated with knee BMD using linear regression analysis. Results: Around the knee joint, BMD was the lowest at the distal femoral metaphysis and lateral tibial condyle. Knee BMD was significantly correlated with central BMD. However, the correlation coefficients varied by the ROI. Additionally, multivariate analysis revealed different associations with respect to the regions around the knee joint. Varus alignment of the lower limb was associated with increased BMD of the medial condyles and decreased BMD of lateral condyles. High grade OA was a protective factor; it was associated with increased BMD at the lateral condyles of the femur and tibia. Higher BMI was an independent protective factor in all ROIs around the knee joint except the lateral femoral condyles. Lower functional level was not associated with decreased BMD, whereas a higher pain score was significantly associated with lower BMD at the proximal tibial metaphysis. Conclusions: Knee BMD was significantly correlated with central BMD. However, the correlations varied with the regions around the knee joint probably due to their independent association with the alignment of the lower limb, severity of OA, BMI, and preoperative pain level. |
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