脑啡肽样神经元在人胎儿中脑的分布与发育研究

应用免疫组织化学方法研究了１６～４０周人胎儿中脑甲啡肽（Ｍ－ＥＮＫ）样和亮啡肽（Ｌ－ＥＮＫ）样神经元的发育与分布。结果发现：于１６周时在中脑已出现两者阳性神经元，开始仅在中央灰质和黑质出现散在分布的浅染神经元，随着发育阳性神经元增加，染色加深；２０周后在动眼神经核、滑车神经核及网状核等部位出现阳性神经元，各区域中阳性大多极神经元出现较晚。ＥＮＫ在人胎儿中脑发育主要集中于１６～３２周，且Ｍ－ＥＮＫ强于Ｌ－ＥＮＫ。根据上述结果本文对ＥＮＫ在人胎儿发育中的可能功能进行了讨论。

DEVELOPMENT AND LOCALIZATION OF MET-ENKEPHALIN AND LEU-ENKEPHALIN- LIKE IMMUNOREACTIVITY IN MIDBRAIN OF HUMAN FETUS

Previous researchs found that the enkephalin (ENK) localized extensively in central nervous system and played an important role in development during pre- and neonatal animals. However,few reports have been seen about development of ENK in human fetal central nervous system. We used immunohistochemical technique, ABC method,to show the development and localization of Met and Leu -enkephalin neurons in midbrain of 50 cases of human fetus (age 16～40 weeks). Both Met-and Leu-enkephalin positive neurons were appeared in the mesencephalon central grey and substantia nigra of 16 week fetus. These cells were stained lightly and distributed sparsely. After 20 week,the immunoreactive neurons were found in the trochlear nucleus and oculomotor nucleus. However,the immunoreactive large multipolar neurons were appeared in the substantia nigra,trochlear and oculomotor nucleus after 24 week.Between 16 and 32 weeks,the immunoreactive neurons increased and stained darker with fetal development,but the Met-enkephalin was more than Leu-enkephalin. The results suggested that the L-ENK and M-ENK localized in midbrain of human fetus before 16 week,and the immunoreactive neurons were increased and stained darker with development. They might possibly participate the development of pain ,behaviour and sport regulation in human fetus.