223株大肠埃希菌的耐药性分析及分布

目的：了解临床分离的大肠埃希菌的耐药性及分布，为临床经验用药提供理论依据。方法对2011年1月至2012年10月本院临床分离的223株大肠埃希菌对临床常用抗菌药物的耐药性及分布进行分析。结果223株大肠埃希菌对亚胺培南、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、阿米卡星、头孢西丁、阿莫西林/棒酸、头孢他啶、妥布霉素、左氧氟沙星、头孢吡肟、头孢噻肟、氨曲南、庆大霉素、环丙沙星、头孢唑啉、复方新诺明和氨苄西林的耐药率依次为0.45%（1株）、4.04%（9株）、9.42%（21株）、13.00%（29株）、14.80%（33株）、39.46%（88株）、41.70%（93株）、48.43%（123株）、51.12%（114株）、54.71%（122株）、55.16%（123株）、55.16%（123株）、57.40%（128株）、62.78%（140株）、71.75%（160株）和86.10%（192株）。本研究中40.81%（91株）的标本来源于尿液、30.94%（69株）的标本来源于痰液、9.87%（22株）的标本来源于血液。结论本院大肠埃希菌主要引起泌尿道和呼吸道感染，对临床常用的抗菌药物的耐药性相差很大，临床应根据药敏试验结果合理选用抗菌药物。

Analysis on the drug-resistance and distribution of 223 strains ofEscherichia coli

Objective To investigate the drug-resistance and distribution ofEscherichia coli（E. coli） isolated in clinic, so as to provide evidence for the clinicians to use antibiotics on the basis of experience. Methods Totla of 223 strains ofE. coli were isolated from January 2011 to October 2011 in our hospital. Drug resistance of strains to the antibacterial drug that commonly used in clinical and the distribution were analyzed, respectively. Results The drug-resistance rates of 223 strains ofE. coli to imipenem, piperacillin/tazobactam, amikacin, cefoxitin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ceftazidime, tobramycin, levofloxacin, cefepime, cefotaxime, aztreonam, gentamicin, ciprolfoxacin, cefazolin, ampicillin and cotrimoxazole were 0.45% （1 strain）, 4.04% （9 strains）, 9.42% （21 strains）, 13.00% （29 strains）, 14.80% （33 strains）, 39.46% （88 strains）, 41.70% （93 strains）, 48.43 % （123 strains）, 51.12% （114 strains）, 54.71% （122 strains）, 55.16% （123 strains）, 55.16% （123 strains）, 57.40% （128 strains）, 62.78% （140 strains）, 71.75% （160 strains） and 86.10%（192 strains）, respectively. There were 40.81% （91 strains） ofE. coli were collected from urine specimens, 30.94% （69 strains） from sputum specimens and 9.87% （22 strains） from blood specimens.ConclusionsE. coliseparated in our hospital mainly caused urinary tract infections and respiratory tract infections. The drug-resistance rates to the antimicrobial drugs that commonly used in clinical varied widely and clinicians should use antibiotics on the basis of the susceptibility results.