食管肿瘤引起的气管狭窄支架置入治疗

目的探讨气管内支架置入治疗由食管肿瘤或食管金属内支架放置术后引起的气管狭窄的疗效和安全性。方法本组11例气管狭窄患者,8例由食管恶性肿瘤引起,3例为食管金属内支架放置术后压迫气管造成。X线透视下在气管内共植入11枚镍钛合金支架,其中7枚为裸支架,4枚为带膜支架。支架直径16～18mm,长度40～60mm。结果所有患者均成功置入内支架(成功率100%)。术后患者气促、呼吸困难和窒息感均立即缓解或消失,血氧饱和度上升。部分患者在术后1～3d可有少量咳嗽和血痰,经对症治疗后消失,无其他并发症。结论采用气管内金属内支架置入的方法治疗由食管恶性肿瘤或食管金属内支架放置术后引起的气管狭窄是一种作用迅速且安全、有效的方法。

Stent placement in treating tracheal stenosis caused by esophageal neoplasm

Objective To study the clinical efficacy and safety of stent placement for tracheal stenosis caused by esophageal neoplasm or compression of esophageal stent. Methods 11 patients with tracheal stenosis, including 6 men and 5 women, with age ranging from 50 to 73 years(mean age 63.5 years). The etiology of tracheal stenosis consisted of esophageal malignancy in 8 patiens and compression by esophageal stent in 3. All together 11 nitinol stents(7 bare stents and 4 covered stents)were implanted in trachea under X rays guidance, with diameter of the stent ranging from 16 to 18 millimeters, and length from 40 to 60 millimeters. Results All stents were implanted into trachea successfully, and symptoms such as dyspnea were relieved immediately after placement of stents in all patients, without severe complications. Conclusion Stent placement to treat tracheal stenosis caused by esophageal neoplasm or compression of esophageal stent is a safe and effective approach, providing immediate relief of symptom.