肺栓塞33例临床分析

目的：提高对肺栓塞（PE）的认识，提高诊断率。方法：回顾性分析本院1996年1月-2006年4月收治的33例PE患者的临床资料，其中急性21例，慢性12例。结果：PE发病率随年龄增长而增高。呼吸困难（72．2％）、胸痛（57．6％）、心悸（51．5％）、呼吸急促（51．5％）、咯血（36．4％）为主要临床表现。肺动脉瓣听诊区第二心音亢进（83％），颈静脉怒张（67％），双下肢水肿（42％）在慢性者多见。经溶栓或抗凝治疗急性者总有效率67％，多于慢性者的总有效率（58％），但无显著差异（P〉0．05）。两者的基础疾病均以下肢深静脉血栓（以下简称DVT）为主，共23例（69，7％）。慢性者死亡率（8．3％）较急性者（4．7％）高。结论：肺栓塞临床表现缺乏特异性，容易误诊，但多有栓子来源，提高认识，早期诊断可提高治愈率。

Clinic analysis of 33 patients with pulmonary embolism

Objective:To analysis the clinic character of 33 patients with pulmonary embolism(PE).Methods:The data of 33 patients with pulmonary embolism (contain: acute PE 21cases,chronic PE 12 cases)was retrospectively analyzed.Results:Incidence of PE significantly increased associated with years of age increase. Clinic features mainly in order were dyspnea(72.7%),chest pain(57.6%),palpitation(51.5%)and haemoptysis(36.4%). P2 increased(83.0%),distend of jugular vein(67.0%)was more in patients with chronic PE. Total effective power of anticoagulation/thrombolysis respectively was 67.0%,58.0% in acute,chronic PE patients. Primary disease mainly was deep vein thrombosis(69.7%). Mortality was more in acute PE patients(8.3%)than that of chronic PE patients(4.7%).Conclusion:No specificity of clinic feature for PE easily induces misdiagnosis. Increase cognition for PE contribute to raise early diagnosis and cure rate.