闭合性胰腺损伤20例的保存胰腺治疗

目的 进一步提高闭合性胰腺损伤救治水平,尽可能地保留胰腺内外分泌功能.方法 回顾20例闭合性胰腺损伤病例的临床资料,分析总结该类损伤的治疗措施.结果 20例患者均有明确的闭合性上腹部外伤病史,行胰腺CT增强扫描,均符合诊断.根据入院时一般情况、腹部体征、主胰管损伤情况采取急诊手术或非手术治疗.10例因严重腹膜炎及明确的主胰管断裂而行急诊手术,其中胰尾切除1例,单纯外引流6例,断裂胰管外引流、二期手术3例;10例临床情况稳定、无明确主胰管损伤者,急性期在密切观察下行非手术治疗,其中3例治愈,7例延期手术,包括因胰头血肿扩大行胰十二指肠切除1例,胰腺假性囊肿内引流3例,胰腺假性囊肿外引流3例.20例患者均全部治愈.结论 闭合性胰腺损伤采用保存胰腺的个体化治疗方案,可提高手术安全性,并可避免胰腺切除,最大限度地保留胰腺内外分泌功能.

Pancreas preserving management of blunt pancreatic trauma: an analysis of 20 cases

Objective To improve the management of blunt pancreatic trauma, and to explore the strategy of preserving the pancreatic endocrine and exocrine function to the full extent. Methods 20 cases of blunt pancreatic trauma were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively. The methods of operative treatment were analysed. Results All patients were cured. Depending on the general condition, abnomial signs and main pancreatic duct(MPD) injuries at the time of admission, patients received immediate operation or nonoperative treatment. Because of severe peritonitis and demonstrated MPD injury, 10 patients underwent immediate operations, including simple drainage in 6 cases, distal pancreatectomy in 1 patient, external drainage of the injured pancreatic duct for the second operation in 3 cases. Without the demonstrated MPD injury or clinical deterioration, 10 patients received nonoperative treatment under strict observation initially. 3 patients completed the nonoperative course and 7 patients underwent delayed operations, including Roux-en-Y pancreatic cyst-jejunostomy in 3 cases, external drainage of pseudocyst in e cases, pancreaticoduodenectomy in 1 patient because of the expanded hematoma in pancreatic head. Conclusions Blunt pancreatic trauma could receive individual pancreas-preserving treatment, which could improve the operational safety, avoid the resection of pancreas and preserve the pancreatic endocrine and exocrine function to the full extent.