北京海淀区1999～2003年甲型病毒性肝炎发病情况分析

目的了解1999-2003年海淀区甲型病毒性肝炎(甲肝)流行概况,以采取有针对性的预防措施,为甲肝防治工作提供科学依据。方法对1999-2003年海淀区疾病预防控制中心的甲肝病例报告数据进行流行病学分析。结果1999-2003年海淀区甲型病毒性肝炎共计发病577例。1999年发病率最高(11.89/10万),2003年发病率最低(3.07/10万),年均发病率7.05/10万。海淀区甲肝发病呈总体下降趋势,但有小幅波动。5年间地区发病最高为1999年的聂各庄乡,发病率达92.56/10万.发病数占前三位的职业是干部职员、学生、工人。发病年龄主要集中在20-39岁之间,占总病例数的57.02%。男女甲肝发病比为2.07:1,差异有极显著性(X2=61.11P<0.01)。结论随着甲肝疫苗的应用,1999-2003年海淀区甲肝发病率呈总体下降趋势,发病年龄明显后移,发病年龄主要集中在20-39岁之间,应加强对重点人群、重点年龄组和易感人群的保护,进一步提高甲肝疫苗接种率。

Analysis on Onsets of Viral Hepatitis A in Haidian District of Beijing from 1999 to 2003

Objective This study was designed to learn about the epidemic status of viral hepatitis A (VHA) in Haidian district from 1999 to 2003 so as to adopt pertinent preventive measures and provide scientific basis for prophylaxis and treatment of VHA. Methods Epidemiological analysis was applied in terms of data from VHA case reports in CDC of Haidian district from 1999 to 2003. Results There were totally 577 cases of VHA onsets in Haidian district between 1999 and 2003. The morbidity of 1999 was the highest (11.89/lakh) and that of 2003 was the lowest (3.07/lakh), with an annual rate of 7.05/lakh on average. The overall onsets of VHA in Haidian took on a decreasing trend but with small fluctuations. During the five years, the highest rate of regional onsets occurred in Niegezhuang country in 1999, with a morbidity of 92.56/lakh. Occupations that had the most onsets were cadre personnel, student and worker in order. The age of onsets was primarily focused between 20 and 39, which accounted for 57.02% of the total. The VHA-onset ratio of male vs. female was 2.07:1, displaying significant difference (X 2=61.11, P<0.01). Conclusion With the application of VHA vaccines, the morbidity of VHA in Haidian from 1999 to 2003 demonstrated a descending trend and the age of onsets has apparently increased to be centered from 20 to 39, therefore we should strengthen protection for key populations, key age groups and vulnerable people and further improve the vaccination rate of VHA vaccine.