有无疫苗接种史的麻疹患儿免疫状态及流行病学分析

目的:探讨有无麻疹疫苗接种史的麻疹患儿急性期免疫功能状态及流行病学异同点,为免疫治疗提供理论基础。方法:对71例住院麻疹患儿按有无麻疹疫苗接种史分为有接种组和无疫苗无接种组,并设对照组,分别检测各组的外周血T细胞亚群CD3、CD4、CD8及血清免疫球蛋白IgA、IgG、IgM,同时做PPD试验。结果:无接种组与有接种组比较,CD3、CD4均下降(P<0.05和P<0.010),IgG下降(P<0.05)。分别与正常儿童比较,CD3、CD4均下降(P<0.01),CD8无接种组上升(P<0.05),IgG均下降(分别为P<0.01和P<0.05),IgM上升(P<0.05和P<0.01),PPD反应无力(P<0.01)。结论:麻疹患儿同时存在细胞及体液免疫功能低下,无疫苗接种史的麻疹患儿较有接种史的麻疹患儿下降明显,且无接种组麻疹以城乡结合部多发。

Immune states and epidemiological analysis of measles in childhood with and without vaccination histories

Objective:To provide theoretic basis for immunotherapy by studying immune states,similarities and differences in epidemiology of measles acute-phrase of childhood with and without vaccination histories.Methods:Seventy-one hospitalized subjects with measles were classified into measles-vaccinated group and non-vaccinated group,with control group.Peripheral lymphocyte subpopulation CD3,CD4,CD8,serum immunity globulins IgA,IgG,and IgM of all the three groups received determination and PPD test.Results:Compared with the vaccinated group,the non-vaccinated group had its CD3,CD4 drop(respectively P<0.05 and P<0.01)and IgG(P<0.05).And compared respectively with the normal children,the two experimental groups had their CD3,CD4 drop(P<0.01 for the both),with CD8 in the non-vaccinated group rising(P<0.05).IgG dropped(respectively P<0.01 and P<0.05),IgM rose(P<0.05 and P<0.01)and PPD hyporeactive(P<0.01).Conclusion:Cellular and humoral immunity hypofunctions occur in the children with measles,the hypofunctions in the non-vaccinated children with measles more remarkable than the vaccinated,the epidemiological data suggest that measles in the non-vaccinated occur more in the outskirts.