马甲子鲜叶干燥方法及提取工艺参数考察

目的:研究不同干燥方法对马甲子鲜叶中抗肿瘤活性成分的影响,并优化其提取工艺参数。方法:采用HPLCELSD测定马甲子素和白桦脂酸的含量,流动相乙腈(A)-0.1%甲酸溶液(B)梯度洗脱(0~10 min,55%A;10~35 min,55%~100%A),检测波长320 nm。考察不同干燥方法对马甲子药材中有效成分含量的影响;以马甲子素和白桦脂酸提取量的综合评分为指标,通过正交试验考察乙醇体积分数、乙醇用量和提取时间对有效成分提取工艺的影响。结果:冷冻干燥和阴干法处理时,白桦脂酸和马甲子素的保存效果较好。最佳提取工艺为加4倍量95%乙醇冷浸提取2次,每次48 h;此工艺下测得冷冻干燥样品中白桦脂酸和马甲子素平均质量分数分别为4.61,0.077 4 mg·g-1。结论:马甲子的干燥方法适宜采用冷冻干燥法,但考虑大生产成本,建议选择阴干法。优化的提取工艺稳定合理、有效成分提取率高,为马甲子药材资源的开发利用提供参考。

Investigation of Drying Methods and Extraction Process on Fresh Leaves of Paliurus ramosissimus

Objective: To investigate influence of different drying method on contents of antitumor ingredients in fresh leaves of Paliurus ramosissimus and optimize its extraction process. Method: HPLC-ELSD was adopted to determine contents of betulinic acid and paliurusene with mobile phase of 1% formic acid-acetonitrile with gradient elution and detection wavelength of 320 nm.Take comprehensive score of contents of betulinic acid and paliurusene as index, othogonal test was adopted to optimize extraction process with ethanol concentration, ethanol comsumption and extracting time as factors. Result: It was better for conservation of betulinic acid and paliurusene by freeze drying and drying in shade.Optimal extraction conditions was as follows:extracted twice with 4 times the amount of 95% ethanol, 48 h for per time;yield of betulinic acid and paliurusene were up to 4.61, 0.0774 mg·g^-1. Conclusion: Freeze drying is the best drying method for P. ramosissimus, but considering cost and mass production, drying in shade is better.This optimized extraction process is stable and reasonable with high yield of active constituents.It can provide a reference for development and utilization of P. ramosissimus.