社区综合干预对饮食习惯改变及肥胖控制的效果评价

目的比较“北京市朝阳区生活方式疾病综合干预”项目干预前后居民饮食信念及肥胖控制情况,为今后营养干预及慢性非传染性疾病的综合防治提供参考依据。方法分别在干预前后调查示范区6岁以上居民的健康膳食知晓率、健康饮食习惯改变及肥胖病人自我管理情况。结果干预后居民健康膳食知晓率明显提高（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。居民健康饮食习惯并无太大改变,只有喜欢吃咸味饮食和每天喝牛奶的比例明显下降（P〈0.05）。肥胖儿童及成人体重超重、肥胖的比例明显下降,社区居民的肥胖危害知晓率有很大提高。结论“生活方式疾病综合干预”项目提高了社区居民的健康膳食知晓率,但对居民的健康饮食习惯改变不大,项目以肥胖为切入点的学校干预模式值得推广。

Effect evaluation of comprehensive intervention to changing diet habits and controlling obesity

Objective To compare the dietary beliefs of residents and the self-management ability of patients suffered with obesity before intervention with after intervention of the project ‘Integrated interventions to lifestyle disease in Chaoyang District of Beijing ＇. Methods The questionnaire survey was conducted among residents aged over 6 years in pilot area before and after intervention. Results The rate of awareness about health diets had an significant increase among residents after intervention （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01 ）. There were little changes in health diet habits of residents except the remarkable drop of the rates of eating salty diet and drinking milk every day （P〈0.05）. The rates of awareness about obesity harm among community residents were greatly improved. Conclusion The Intervention mode using obesity as the entering point at school is worth to generalize.