长沙市11～18岁青少年体重指数分析及筛查标准建立

目的]研究长沙市区11～18岁青少年体重指数(body mass index,BMI)的分布特征,建立针对本市青少年的BMI筛查标准。方法]采用整群抽样的方法,随机抽取长沙市内4所中学,收集2004～2006年11～18岁学生的健康监测数据,分析BMI的分布特点,并与中国学龄儿童青少年BMI超重、肥胖标准进行比较。结果]长沙市区青少年中男性BMI显著高于女性,随着年龄增长BMI有逐渐升高的趋势,在13～15岁时增幅最大。选取拟合后的BMIP85、P95曲线作为长沙市区青少年超重、肥胖的筛查标准。将这一标准与全国标准进行比较显示,男性青少年在11～18岁BMI的P85、P95值始终高于全国标准,而女性青少年在12.5岁后就低于全国标准。结论]长沙市青少年BMI分布特征与全国标准有较大的差异,建议使用新建立的BMI标准进行长沙市11～18岁青少年超重、肥胖筛查及肥胖症的诊断。

ANALYSIS OF BODY MASS INDEX OF ADOLESCENTS AGED FROM 11 TO 18 IN CHANGSHA AND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF SCREENING NORM

Objective]To investigate the distribution characteristics of body mass index(BIM)of adolescents who were 11~18 years old in urban area of Changsha,and to establish the BMI screening norm for adolescents in Changsha.Methods]Four middle schools in Changsha urban area were randomly selected by the method of cluster sampling,the health surveillance data of students aged from 11 to 18 from 2004 to 2006 were collected.The distribution of BMI was analyzed and compared with the Chinese BMI norm.Results]All the BMI values of means,medians and percentiles of male adolescents were significantly higher than those of female.And BMI values increased gradually with age,there was a sharp increase during the period of 13-15 years old and then slowed down.The BMI norm was established composed by cut-off points of P85 for overweight and P95 for obesity for Changsha adolescents.Compared with the Chinese BMI norm,P85 and P95 were always higher for Changsha male adolescents aged from 11 to 18,while lower for female adolescents more than 12.5 years old.Conclusions]The BMI distribution characteristics of adolescents aged from 11 to 18 in Changsha are greatly different from the Chinese BMI charts.New established BMI reference norm is suggested to be applied in screening and diagnosis of overweight and obesity for adolescents aged from 11 to 18 in Changsha.