颅脑外伤患者呼吸机相关肺炎的相关因素分析及对策

目的探讨颅脑外伤患者呼吸机相关肺炎（VAP）发生的相关因素，提出预防措施。方法回顾性调查重症监护病房（ICU）颅脑外伤行机械通气患者的相关临床资料。结果机械通气患者144例，发生VAP患者79例，发生率54．86％：VAP发生与年龄、血糖平均值、原发肺部疾病、机械通气时间、胃内容物吸入等有相关性。结论颅脑外伤行机械性通气患者易发生VAP，且直接影响预后，必须采取综合措施，预防控制易患因素，降低VAP的发生。

Analysis and countermeasure on correlated factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in patients with craniocerebral trauma

Objective To study the related factors of ventilator - associated pneumonia （VAP） in patients with craniocerebral trauma and measures for their prevention. Methods The clinical data of patients with craniocerebral trauma taking mechanical ventilation in department of ICU were retrospectively studied. Results VAP was occurred in 79 cases of 144 patients with mechanical ventilation, and its incidence was 54. 86%. There were relationship with patient＇s age, average level of blood glucose, primary lung diseases, the duration of applying mechanical ventilation and stomach contents inhaled. Conclusion VAP is easily occurred in patients with craniocerebral trauma taking mechanical ventilation, and it may directly influence the prognosis of patients. Comprehensive measures should be taken for preventing and controlling risk factors for inducing VAP.