药品集中带量采购中药品短缺风险及防范对策*

为减少在药品集采工作中可能会面临的短缺风险,从经济学角度剖析了药品集采的本质,利用供需模型从理论上探讨药品集采可能存在的供给短缺。同时,从不同利益相关者角度深入挖掘集采引起的药品短缺风险来源,并系统梳理英国、美国、德国以及世界卫生组织在药品集采方面所采取的风险控制措施,归纳总结其经验及对我国的启示。借鉴各国遵循 “物有所值”原则制定的集采方针并结合各项集采法律法规和监管方法,吸取减少集采药品短缺风险的经验,我国可以通过出台集采药品法律法规、建立药品信息平台和改革现有医疗机构体制等措施,进一步完善集采药品短缺风险防范对策。

Shortage Risk and Countermeasures of Drug Centralized Procurement

Objective: It aims to reduce the risk of shortage of drugs in the process of institutionalization of drug centralized procurement. Methods: It firstly analyzes the essence of drug centralized procurement from an economic point of view, and then theoretically discusses the possible supply shortage of drug centralized procurement by applying the supply and demand model. Furthermore, it explores the risk sources of drug shortage from the perspective of different stakeholders and finally systematizes the risk control measures adopted by the UK., US., Germany and WHO in the field of drug centralized procurement. Results: All countries formulate the collection policy in accordance with the principle of "value for money" and reduce the risk of shortage of drug centralized procurement by combining various collection laws and regulations with regulatory methods. Conclusion: The risk prevention countermeasures of shortage of drug centralized procurement can be improved by issuing laws and regulations on centralized drug collection, establishing drug information platform and reforming the existing medical institution system.