Radiological and histological changes following cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in a rat model |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Neurology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareily Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India;2. Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India;3. Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA;1. Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan;2. Department of Ergonomics, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan;3. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan;4. Kokura Rehabilitation Hospital, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu 803-0861, Japan;1. Department of Physiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555 Japan;2. Department of Pediatrics, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555 Japan;3. Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555 Japan;4. Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555 Japan;1. Department of Anesthesiology, Hirosaki University Hospital, Hirosaki 036-8563, Japan;2. Department of Anesthesiology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan;3. Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, and National Institute of Neuroscience, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy;4. Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and LTTA, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;1. Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan;2. Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is an important cause of stroke in young especially after pregnancy. We induced CVST in rat by topical application of ferric chloride over the exposed superior sagittal sinus (SSS) and pathological changes were monitored on days 1, 2 and 7. Thrombus weight was estimated and H&E staining was performed for comparison with MRI data. T2 weighted signal changes were present in all the study group rats. T2 hyper intensity decreased over the time. In study group, the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was decreased by 31.94% on day 1 compared to the controls. There was 15.5% increase in the ADC value on day 2 compared to day 1 which reached almost equal to control value on day 7. On histological evaluation, neuronal necrosis and cellular infiltration were observed in cortical region after thrombosis. The early decrease in ADC could be attributed to cytotoxic edema that precedes vasogenic edema indicated by normalization of ADC and a decreased T2 hyper intensity. In conclusion, ferric chloride induced CVST in the rat produces cytotoxic edema in early stage followed by vasogenic edema which is related to recanalization of the superior sagittal sinus. |
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