Expression of cell interaction molecules by immature rat thymocytes during passage through the CD4+8+ compartment: developmental regulation and induction by T cell receptor engagement of CD2, CD5, CD28, CD11a,CD44 and CD53

Rat thymocytes of the T cell receptor^low (TcR^low) CD4⁺8⁺ subset which is the target of repertoire selection are heterogeneous with respect to expression of the cell interaction (CI) molecules CD2, CD5, CD11a/CD18 (LFA-1), CD28 and CD44. We show that this heterogeneity is due to the developmental regulation of these CI molecules during passage through the CD4⁺8⁺ compartment, and to up-regulation by TcR engagement. Thus, cohorts of CD4⁺8⁺ cells differentiating synchronously in vitro from their direct precursors, the immature CD4^?8⁺ cells, were homogeneous with regard to CI molecule expression. Upon entry into the CD4⁺8⁺ compartment, they expressed relatively high levels of CD2 and CD44, and moderate levels of CDS, CD28 and CD11a. CD2, CD28 and CD44 were slightly down-regulated during the following 2 days, whereas CD5 slightly increased and CD11a remained constant. TcR stimulation using immobilized monoclonal antibodies resulted in rapid and dramatic up-regulation of CD2, CD5 and CD28 and, to a lesser extent, of CD11a and CD44. Finally CD53, a triggering structure absent from unstimulated CD4⁺8⁺ thymocytes was also rapidly induced by TcR stimulation. Inclusion of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, or IL-7 in this in vitro differentiation system did not affect the levels of CI molecules studied. Since the high levels of CI molecules induced by TcR-stimulation correspond to those found in vivo on TcR^intermediate thymocytes known to be undergoing repertoire selection, these results suggest that upregulation of CI molecules by TcR engagement provides a mechanism by which thymocytes that have entered the selection process gain preferential access to further interactions with stromal and lymphoid cells in the thymus.