1998年艾滋病状况和主要工作

截止1998年底,全国31省、自治区、直辖市共报告艾滋病病毒感染者12639例.其中艾滋病病人417例,死亡224例.经三种传播途径的感染均有发现,但主要经血—注射毒品感染.据估计,我国实际艾滋病病毒感染者可能已逾40万.1998年全国共报告艾滋病病毒感染者3306例.感染途径仍以静脉注射毒品为主,占75.2%;20个省、自治区、直辖市报告在吸毒人群中发现了艾滋病病毒感染者,以新疆和广西的疫情发展最快.新疆1998年报告数首次超过云南,居第一位.1998年,一半以上吸毒人群哨点发现了艾滋病病毒感染者,其感染率明显高于1997年;感染的性乱人群哨点数增加;局部高发地区,已发现孕妇感染,说明艾滋病病毒正从高危人群向一般人群扩散.指出了1998年全国艾滋病疫情报告和监测工作的不足点;总结了国家1998年艾滋病防治的主要工作及制订的艾滋病防治的主要文件、方针和策略.

The HIV/AIDS Epidemic and Key Initiatives for HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control in China in 1998

By the end of 1998, 12639 HIV positive cases had been reported to Ministry of Health from 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, of whom there were 417 AIDS patients and 224 people died of AIDS. Three transmission routes of HIV infection were found and injecting drug use was the leading one. It was estimated that more than 0.4 million people would be living with HIV. In 1998 a total number of 3306 HIV infections were reported and injecting drug use was still mainly infected may, accounting for 75.2% of all the infections. Xinjiang and Guangxi were the regions with the fastest moving epidemic. The number of HIV infections reported by Xinjiang ranked the first in 1998, which surpassed that of Yunnan for the first time. In more than half sentinels of IDUs HIV positive people had been found, whose rate of HIV infection was higher than that in 1997. The sentinels with HIV infected underground prostitutes and clients increased; pregnant women had been identified to be infected HIV in some hard hit area, which reveals that HIV infection is spreading from high risk populations to general population. The constraints of case report and HIV/AIDS surveillance were put forward. The key documents, policies, strategies and major initiatives were summarized and emphasized.