High incidence of rhinovirus infection in children with community-acquired pneumonia from a city in the Brazilian pre-Amazon region |
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| Authors: | Hivylla L. dos Santos Ferreira Karla Luana P. Costa Marilha S. Cariolano Gustavo S. Oliveira Karen K. P. Felipe Elen S. A. Silva Matheus S. Alves Carlos Eduardo C. Maramaldo Eduardo M. de Sousa Joseany S. Rego Ilana C. P. A. Silva Rejane K. S. Albuquerque Nathalya S. C. Araújo Angela M. M. Amorim Luciane D. Costa Claudiana S. Pinheiro Vinícius A. Guimarães Mirleide C. Santos Wyller A. Mello Angela Falcai Lidio Gonçalves Lima-Neto |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Programa de Pós-Graduação, Universidade CEUMA, São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil;2. Complexo Hospitalar Materno Infantil do Maranhão Hospital Dr. Juvêncio Mattos Maternidade Benedito Leite, São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil;3. Hospital da Criança Dr. Odorico de Amaral Matos, São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil;4. Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil;5. Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua, Pará, Brasil;6. Mestrado em Meio Ambiente, Universidade CEUMA, São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil |
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| Abstract: | Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the leading cause of child death worldwide. Viruses are the most common pathogens associated with CAP in children, but their incidence varies greatly. This study investigated the presence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus, human rhinovirus (HRV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), human coronavirus (HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-NL63), and influenza A virus (FluA) in children with CAP and the contributing risk factors. Here, children with acute respiratory infections were screened by pediatrics; and a total of 150 radiographically-confirmed CAP patients (aged 3 months to 10 years) from two clinical centers in Sao Luis, Brazil were recruited. Patient's clinical and epidemiological data were recorded. Nasopharyngeal swab and tracheal aspirate samples were collected to extract viral nucleic acid. RSV, adenovirus, rhinovirus, FluA, HMPV, HCoV-OC43, and HCoV-NL63 were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The severe CAP was associated with ages between 3 and 12 months. Viruses were detected in 43% of CAP patients. Rhinovirus infections were the most frequently identified (68%). RSV, adenovirus, FluA, and coinfections were identified in 14%, 14%, 5%, and 15% of children with viral infection, respectively. Rhinovirus was associated with nonsevere CAP (P = .014); RSV, FluA, and coinfections were associated with severe CAP (P < .05). New strategies for prevention and treatment of viral respiratory infections, mainly rhinovirus and RSV infections, are necessary. |
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| Keywords: | epidemiology respiratory tract seasonal incidence |
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