电刺激对失神经支配骨骼肌萎缩的影响

目的 研究电刺激对失神经支配骨骼肌萎缩的影响。方法 选用SD大鼠16只，建立双侧下肢失神经支配胙肠肌的实验模型，电刺激右侧胙肠肌为实验侧，左侧不作电刺激为对照侧，术后2、4周分别观察肌肉的组织学，超微结构，纤颤电位波幅及Na^ -K^ -ATP酶和Ca^2 -ATP酶活性变化。结果 实验侧术后2、4周肢体肌细胞直径及截面积较对照侧下降速度明显减慢；电刺激能延缓肌细胞的线粒体，肌质网退变，但对肌肉纤颤电位波幅无明显影响；实验侧术后2、4周Na^ -K^ -ATP酶活性下降速度比对照侧分别慢15．59％和27．38％；实验侧术后2、4周Ca^2 -ATP酶活性下降速度较对照侧分别慢4．83％和21．64％。结论 电刺激对失神经支配骨骼肌的组织学、电生理及酶组织化学的各项指标均有保护作用，是延缓肌肉萎缩的有效方法。

EFFECT OF ELECTRIC STIMULATION ON DENERVATED SKELETAL MUSCLE ATROPHY

OBJECTIVE: To study the influence of the electric stimulation of denervated muscle atrophy. METHODS: Sixteen SD rats were made the model of denervated skeletal muscle in two lower limbs by cutting off the sciatic nerve and femoral nerve. The right gastrocnemius muscle was stimulated with JNR-II nerve & muscle recovery instrument by skin as the experimental side and the left was not treated as the control side. The muscle histology, ultrastructure, fibrillation potential amplitude, Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase and Ca(2+)-ATPase activities were observed 2 weeks and 4 weeks after operation. RESULTS: Electric stimulation could protect mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum from the degeneration. The reduction rates of muscle cell diameter and cross section in the experimental side were slower significantly than those in control side. There was no influence on fibrillation potential amplitude in the both sides after electric stimulation. The reduction rates of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity in the experimental side were slower 15.59% and 27.38% respectively than those in the control side. The reduction rates of Ca(2+)-ATPase activity in the experimental side were slower 4.83% and 21.64% respectively than those in the control side. CONCLUSION: The electric stimulation can protect muscle histology, electrophysiology and enzymic histochemistry of denervated skeletal muscle from the degeneration. The electric stimulation is an effective method to prevent and treat muscle atrophy.