Markers of inflammation are inversely related to physical activity and fitness in sedentary men with treated hypertension |
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| Authors: | Hjelstuen Anne Anderssen Sigmund A Holme Ingar Seljeflot Ingebørg Klemsdal Tor Ole |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia;2. Julius Wolff Institut, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany;3. Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Geelong, Victoria, Australia;1. Insight Centre for Data Analytics, University College Dublin, Ireland;2. School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Ireland;3. Insight Centre for Data Analytics, Maynooth University, Ireland;1. Laboratório de Ecologia Aquática, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, 36036-900, Brazil;2. Laboratório de Protozoologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, 36036-900, Brazil;3. Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, 36036-900, Brazil;1. Department of Training Science, Nippon Sport Science University, Japan;2. Department of Exercise Physiology, Nippon Sport Science University, Japan;1. Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy;2. IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy;3. University of Milan, Italy;4. Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy;5. Department of Rehabilitation Science, College of Health and Human Services, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA;6. IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy |
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| Abstract: | BACKGROUND: Physical inactivity is an important risk factor for atherosclerotic disease. We studied the relationship between physical activity and physical fitness and soluble markers of atherosclerotic activity in men with drug-treated hypertension. METHODS: The participants (n = 177, 40 to 74 years of age), who were randomly recruited from the Hypertension High Risk Management Trial (HYRIM), were overweight and had sedentary lifestyles. The inflammatory markers high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (SICAM-1) and soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin) and the hemostatic markers soluble thrombomodulin (sTM), von Willebrand factor (vWf), and tissue plasminogen activator antigen (tPAag) were measured. Physical activity was measured by use of a questionnaire. Time to exhaustion in a bicycle test was used as an expression of physical fitness. RESULTS: The hs-CRP showed a significant inverse relationship with physical fitness independent of major cardiovascular risk factors (P = .017) but was not related to physical activity. The sE-selectin was significantly related to physical activity, although only when other factors were taken into account (P = .033), and it had no significant association with physical fitness. In addition there were strong associations between hs-CRP and sICAM-1 and the Framingham Coronary Heart Disease risk score (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: The observed inverse relations between physical fitness and hs-CRP and between level of physical activity and sE-selectin in drug-treated, hypertensive sedentary men indicates a beneficial effect of good fitness status as well as activity of low intensity on vessel wall inflammation. |
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