甘草大戟同用对大鼠心肝肾功能及病理形态的影响

背景甘草与大戟配伍,属中药"十八反"传统禁忌.在临床实践中,有部分相反、相畏中药使用后并未发现明显毒副作用,甚至部分相反药配伍,有相辅相成的作用,可能提高疗效.目的探讨中药十八反中甘草与大戟同用对大鼠心、肝、肾功能及形态的影响.设计随机对照试验.地点、材料和干预本实验在解放军第三军医大学新桥医院动物室完成.采用Wistar大鼠共20只,雌雄各半.将实验动物分为甘草组、大戟组、甘草加大戟组及对照组4组,每组5只.对照组灌服生理盐水,服药剂量、方法、时间及检测指标等均同实验组.甘草组、大戟组、甘草+大戟组给药均采用灌胃法,药物剂量按0.2mL/10 g计算,每日灌胃1次,连续灌服7 d.用药7 d后断头取血检测肝功、肾功及心肌酶谱.同时取肝脏、肾脏及心脏组织作病理切片.主要观察指标甘草、大戟同用对大鼠肝功能、心肌酶谱、肾功能的影响.结果甘草+大戟组大鼠血谷丙转氨酶水平[(1465.3±140.0)nkat/L]明显高于对照组、甘草组、大戟组[(625.1±60.0),(723.5±70.0),(1310.3±131.7)nkat/L](t=47.16～54.99,P＜0.01).甘草+大戟组大鼠血肌酸磷酸激酶、乳酸脱氢酶、羟丁酸脱氢酶均较对照组、甘草组及大戟组高(t=55.64～91.85,P＜0.01).各组大鼠血尿素氮、肌酐水平比较,差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05).结论单纯大戟对动物肝功能有一定影响,但配伍甘草后对肝功能影响加重;甘草加大戟对大鼠心功能有明显影响,对肾功则无影响.

Influence of licorice root and Peking euphorbia root in combination on functions and pathological morphology of the heart, liver and kidney in rats

BACKGROUND: Combination of licorice root(LR) and Peking euphorbia root(PER) is one of "eighteen incompatible medicaments" in traditional Chinese medicine. toxicities and side effects of combinations of some "incompatible traditional Chinese medical herbs" have not been found, and even some combinations have been found to improve the therapeutic effects.OBJECTIVE: To discuss the influence of combination of LR and PER in "eighteen incompatible medicaments" (EIM) on the functions and pathological morphology of the heart, liver and kidney in rats.DESIGN: Randomly controlled experiment.SETTING, MATERIALS and INTERVENTIONS: The experiment was accomplished in the Animal Center of Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University of PLA. Twenty Wistar rats, weighing 200 g 300 g, to half males and half females were divided into four groups as LR, PER, LR + PER and control group with 5 in each. The controls were perfused with normal saline, the dosage, method, time and detection were the same as those in other groups. In LR, PER, and LR +PER groups, gastric perfusion was 0.02 mL/10 g, once a day, 7 days in succession. After 7 days,the blood was collected through cutting head for tests of liver and kidney functions and myocardial zymogram, at the same time,slices of the heart, liver and kidney were made for observation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Influence of licorice root and Peking euphorbia root in combination on liver and kidney functions and myocardial zymogram.RESULTS: In LR + PER group, alanine aminotransferase [( 1 465.3± 140.0) nkat/L] was significantly increased compared with those in control, LR, and PER groups[ (625.1 ± 60.0), (723.5 ± 70.0),(1 310.3±131.7) nkat/L] (t=47.16-54.99, P ＜0.01); creatine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, γ-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase level were increased, compared with those in control, LR, and PER groups ( t = 55.64 -91.85, P＜0.01). There was no significant difference of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine in each group(P＞0.05).CONCLUSION: Single PER could injure the rat liver functions and this was aggravated by its combination with LR; there were obvious injuries on the rat heart functions and no influence on renal functions in LR + PER group.