The Pakistan Risk of Myocardial Infarction Study: a resource for the study of genetic, lifestyle and other determinants of myocardial infarction in South Asia |
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Authors: | Danish Saleheen Moazzam Zaidi Asif Rasheed Usman Ahmad Abdul Hakeem Muhammed Murtaza Waleed Kayani Azhar Faruqui Assadullah Kundi Khan Shah Zaman Zia Yaqoob Liaquat Ali Cheema Abdus Samad Syed Zahed Rasheed Nadeem Hayat Mallick Muhammad Azhar Rashid Jooma Ali Raza Gardezi Nazir Memon Abdul Ghaffar Fazal-ur-Rehman Nadir Khan Nabi Shah Asad Ali Shah Maria Samuel Farina Hanif Madiha Yameen Sobia Naz Aisha Sultana Aisha Nazir Shehzad Raza Muhammad Shazad Sana Nasim Muhammad Ahsan Javed Syed Saadat Ali Mehmood Jafree Muhammad Imran Nisar Muhammad Salman Daood Altaf Hussain Nadeem Sarwar Ayeesha Kamal Panos Deloukas Muhammad Ishaq Philippe Frossard John Danesh |
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Institution: | 1. Center for Non-Communicable Diseases (CNCD), Karachi, Pakistan 2. Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK 3. Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Stadium road, Karachi, Pakistan 4. National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan 5. Karachi Institute of Heart Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan 6. Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore, Pakistan 7. Jinnah Post-graduate Medical Centre, Karachi, Pakistan 8. Multan Institute of Cardiology, Multan, Pakistan 9. Civil Hospital, Hyderabad, Pakistan 10. Red Crescent Institute of Cardiology, Hyderabad, Pakistan 11. Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan 12. Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
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Abstract: | The burden of coronary heart disease (CHD) is increasing at a greater rate in South Asia than in any other region globally,
but there is little direct evidence about its determinants. The Pakistan Risk of Myocardial Infarction Study (PROMIS) is an
epidemiological resource to enable reliable study of genetic, lifestyle and other determinants of CHD in South Asia. By March
2009, PROMIS had recruited over 5,000 cases of first-ever confirmed acute myocardial infarction (MI) and over 5,000 matched
controls aged 30–80 years. For each participant, information has been recorded on demographic factors, lifestyle, medical
and family history, anthropometry, and a 12-lead electrocardiogram. A range of biological samples has been collected and stored,
including DNA, plasma, serum and whole blood. During its next stage, the study aims to expand recruitment to achieve a total
of about 20,000 cases and about 20,000 controls, and, in subsets of participants, to enrich the resource by collection of
monocytes, establishment of lymphoblastoid cell lines, and by resurveying participants. Measurements in progress include profiling
of candidate biochemical factors, assay of 45,000 variants in 2,100 candidate genes, and a genomewide association scan of
over 650,000 genetic markers. We have established a large epidemiological resource for CHD in South Asia. In parallel with
its further expansion and enrichment, the PROMIS resource will be systematically harvested to help identify and evaluate genetic
and other determinants of MI in South Asia. Findings from this study should advance scientific understanding and inform regionally
appropriate disease prevention and control strategies. |
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Keywords: | Myocardial Infarction Case-control study South Asia Pakistan MI Risk factors |
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