学龄前儿童龋病流行病学特征及其防治效果观察

目的了解个旧市儿童龋病流行病学特征,探讨儿童龋病高发原因,为制定防治措施提供依据.方法以学龄前集体儿童为观察对象;采用临床检查与问卷相结合的方法和WTO规定的龋病诊断标准为依据进行调查;以健康教育和培养儿童正确刷牙习惯和方法,并采用氟离子透入为干预措施;对患龋儿童采用"ART"龋病治疗技术,对儿童龋齿充填治疗.结果共调查3～6岁儿童1 245名,儿童患龋率66.43%,显著高于全国平均水平;龋均5.03,高于其他城市.儿童患龋率汉族高于回族和彝族,城市高于农村.乳牙龋齿的发生部位以下颌磨牙最多,下颌乳前牙最少,且左右基本对称.氟离子透入对降低儿童龋病率是一种显著有效的方法.刷牙习惯对降低儿童龋患率是一种重要行为干预."ART"龋病治疗技术是儿童龋齿充填治疗简便有效的方法.结论儿童口腔健康教育和氟离子透入防龋综合干预措施是降低儿童患龋率的重要方法.

Epidemiological Characteristics and Prevention and Control Effects of Caries in Preschool Children

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of caries in city preschool children,disscuss the causes of caries high incidence,and provide scientific basis for making prevention and control measures.Methods The preschool children were selected as observation objects.The clinical examination and the method of combining the questionnaire,and the provisions of the WTO caries diagnostic criteria were used for disease investigation.Health education and teaching children correct brushing habits and method,and USES the fluorin ion penetration were used as intervention measures.Children with caries were treated by "ART" treatment technology,and the dental caries were given filling reatment in time.Results The incidence of caries was 66.43% in 1245 city preschool children invstigated,which was significantly higher than the national average level.Cavities are 5.03,higher than other cities.The incidence of caries in Han children is higher than Hui and Yi children,and is higher in city than in rural areas.The location of caries in deciduous teeth was most frequently in mandibular molar,and rarely in mandibular anterior teeth,and showed basically symmetric distribution.Fluorinion penetration is a particularly effective method to lower the incidence of caries in children.Good brushing teeth is an important behavior intervention to lower the incidence of caries in children."ART" caries disease treatment technology isn a effective treatment for children with caries.Conclusion Oral health education and children fluorin ion penetration are important comprehensive intervention measures to reduce the incidence of caries in children.