颈动脉粥样硬化斑块及其危险因素与脑梗死的相关研究

目的探讨脑梗死与颈动脉粥样硬化斑块及其危险因素的关系。方法对脑梗死组及对照组进行颈动脉超声检测，观察颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的部位、数目、性质和颈动脉内径，询问病史，检测血糖、血脂。结果脑梗死组颈动脉粥样硬化斑块检出率（78．75％）、CCA内径及IMT与对照组比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；斑块发生部位以CCA最多（64．2％），其次是BIF（29．4％）；斑块部位与脑梗死部位有显著同侧相关性（P〈0．001）；两组患者在高血压、糖尿病、TG以及空腹血糖水平方面差异有统计学意义（P均〈0．05）。结论颈动脉粥样硬化斑块与脑梗死发生有密切关系，高血压、糖尿病、血糖和血脂等代谢异常与颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成有关，对颈动脉粥样硬化斑块及其危险因素进行的积极干预，对预防脑梗死发生有重要临床意义。

Study of the relationship between carotid atheromatous plaque and its risk factors and cerebral infarction

Objective To evaluate the relationship between cerebral infarction and carotid atheromatous plaque and its risk factors.Methods 80 cases with cerebral infarction served as cerebral infarction(CI)group and 60 cases of non-cerebral infarction as control group.The location,number and nature of carotid atheromatous plaque and diamete of carotid artery were assessed by doppler ultrasonography,and the history,blood lipids,blood glucose were investigated.Results The rate of the carotid atheromatous plaque of CI group was 78.75%,the IMT and inner diameter of CCA of CI group were significantly different from control group(P<0.05).The atheromatous plaque were detected in CCA(64.2%)and BIF(29.4%).The location of carotid atheromatous plaque was correlative with cerebral infarction in the same side(P<0.01).There were significant differences between two groups in hypertension,diabetes,the levels of triglyceride and fasting blood glucose(P<0.05).Conclusions Cerebral infarction is closely related to carotid atheromatous plaque,which is correlative with metabolic disorders such as of hypertension,diabetes,blood glucose and blood lipid.Active intervention of carotid atheromatous plaque and its factors is important for prevention of cerebral infarction.