自身免疫性感音神经性聋豚鼠子代的内耳功能与形态学研究

目的:观察自身免疫性感音神经性聋(ASNHL)雌性豚鼠子代内耳听觉生理功能及组织结构病理变化,探讨内耳自身免疫因素与子代内耳听觉损伤的相关性。方法:采用同种粗制内耳抗原(CIEAgs)免疫,造成雌性豚鼠ASNHL,妊娠后持续抗原强化免疫,对其所产子鼠进行相关指标测试和观察,包括听神经复合动作电位阈值、幅值和耳蜗微音器电位伪阈,血清抗CIEAgs抗体水平以及内耳病理形态学观察。结果:ASNHL雌鼠的子代36只中有18只(22耳)出现听力损伤,血清抗CIEAgs抗体增高,螺旋神经节细胞变性,数目减少,蜗螺旋管内炎性细胞浸润。结论:ASNHL所产子鼠可出现先天性感音神经性聋和内耳病理损伤,其发生可能与特异性体液免疫有关。

Experimental study on hearing function and morphology of the offspring of female guinea pigs with autoimmune sensorineural hearing loss

Objective To explore whether the autoimmune against inner ear could induce the pathological impairment of hearing function and labyrinth structure in newborns of the mothers with autoimmune sensorineural hearing loss(ASNHL).Methods The pregnant guinea pigs were immunized with crude inner ear antigens(CIEAgs).Then the hearing functions were measured with EcochG(include compound active potential,cAP and cochlear microphone potential,CM).The special antibodies against inner ear tissues antigens in serum were measured with ELISA.The celloidin sections of the inner ear were observed under light microscope.Results 16 offspring of ASNHL female guinea pigs presented sensorineural hearing loss.The special antibodies against inner ear antigens in the serum of the offspring of ASNHL guinea pigs and their offspring ascended evidently.The offspring of the ASNHL guinea pigs suffered the denaturalization of spiral ganglion cells.Conclusion This result suggests that the factor of autoimmune against inner ear tissue antigens could be one of pathogenic causes inducing non-heritage congenital sensorineural hearing loss.