小鼠精子顶体发生的形态学研究

目的 探讨小鼠精子形成过程中顶体发生的形态学变化特点,为深入研究顶体对男性生殖功能的影响提供理论基础.方法 应用PAS染色法,在光学显微镜下区分小鼠睾丸生精上皮周期中不同时相的生精上皮,观察精子细胞顶体在不同时相的形态学变化特点.结果 精子细胞顶体含有多糖类物质,经PAS染色后呈紫红色.小鼠精子发生的最后1个半周期为精子形成过程,也是顶体的发生过程.在圆形精子细胞期,顶体变化由圆形、椭圆形至左右对称的帽形,角度逐渐增大；在变形精子细胞早期,顶体由左右对称的帽形演变成位于头背部的镰形；在变形精子细胞晚期,顶体位于头背部.结论 上述对小鼠精子顶体发生过程中形态学变化特点的观察为进一步研究顶体发生机制及临床评价男性生育力奠定了基础.

Morphological study of sperm acrosome development in mice

Objective To investigate the characteristics of the morphological changes in acrosome development during the spermiogenesis of mice,and to provide the basis for further studies of the effects of acrosome on the male reproductive function.Methods Periodic-acid Schiff(PAS) staining was used to identify the seminiferous epithelium in the different stages of the spermatogenic cycle of mice testicle under light microscope.The characteristics in the morphological changes in the spermatid acrosome in different phases were observed.Results According to the criterion of the time phase of seminiferous epithelium as proposed by Clermont and Russell,the cycle of the seminiferous epithelia could be divided into 12 stages.The acrosome had their respective characteristics in each stage,which reflect the entire processes of mice sperm acrosome development.Conclusions The characteristics of the morphological changes during the processes of mice sperm acrosome development in different phases can be observed with a light microscope.It can provide the morphological basis for further studies on the impact of all factors onacrosome development and sperm function,and on the mechanism of acrosome development.This research can also provide experimental evidence for further studies on the effects of acrosome on male reproductive function,and provides a powerful parameter for the clinical evaluation of male fertility.