中老年女性压力性尿失禁盆底肌肉(体操)锻炼的干预效果评价

目的通过研究辖区内50岁以上妇女压力性尿失禁发病情况及相关影响因素,并随机分组予以盆底肌肉(体操)锻炼(PFME),评价两组患者干预后压力性尿失禁症状改善情况。方法采用统一的《国际尿失禁咨询委员会尿失禁问卷表简表(ICI-Q-SF)》对辖区50岁以上女性进行调查,行压力诱发试验以明确诊断,选出压力性尿失禁妇女403例。首先调查其基本情况及相关影响因素,并随机分为两组,即干预组201例和对照组202例。对照组予以相关知识培训,干预组患者除了相关知识培训外,还专人指导其施行PFME。3个月后再次问卷调查评价两组患者的尿失禁症状改善情况。结果问卷调查显示:中老年女性压力性尿失禁患病率为38.24%(403/1 054),入选患者平均年龄(66±16)岁,体质指数≥24 kg/m2者占68.25%(273/400),有便秘者占25.50%(102/400)。两组压力性尿失禁患者症状改善情况比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),并有28例治愈。结论通过研究辖区内妇女压力性尿失禁发病情况及相关影响因素,两组患者干预后压力性尿失禁知识知晓率得到明显提高,经过PFME,干预组患者尿失禁症状有所改善。通过社区卫生健康促进网络,充分利用社区现有的卫生资源,对辖区内50岁以上轻中度压力性尿失禁女性患者推行防治是可行的、有效的。

Pelvic Floor Muscles Exercises in Middle-aged and Old Women with Stress Urinary Incontinence

Objectives To evaluate the improvement of stress urinary incontinence(SUI) symptoms and quality of life(QOL) of over-50-year-old women after pelvic floor muscle exercises(PFME)Methods "International Incontinence Advisory Committee Incontinence March Questionnaire(ICI-Q-SF)" was used to carry out an investigation in over-50-year-old women.Further pressure-induced test performed to confirm the diagnoses,403 SUI women were divided randomly into groups intervention(n=201) and control(n=202) after investigation of their basic information and related influencing factors.Control group were given training of related knowledge,intervention group additional PFME guided by specialists.Another questionnaire was performed to evaluate the improvements of SUI symptoms after 3 months.Results The prevalence was about 38.24%(403/1 054).The average age of enrolled patients was(66±16),patients with body mass index ≥ 24 kg/m2 accounted for 68.25%(273/400),those with constipation for 25.5%(102/400).There was significant difference in improvement of SUI symptoms between 2 groups(P<0.001).And 28 patients were cured.Conclusions PFME,based on investigation of SUI onsets and related influencing factors,can improve obviously the SUI knowledge awareness,its symptoms and patients′ QOL.Through community health promotion network and full use of existing community health resources,prevention and treatment are feasible and effective in over-50-year-old patients with mild or moderate SUI.