Registration of cruciate ligament injuries in Norwegian top level team handball. A prospective study covering two seasons |
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Authors: | G Myklebust S Maehlum L Engebretsen T Strand E Solheim |
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Institution: | Norwegian Institute of Sports Medicine, Oslo, Norway;National Sports Center, Oslo, Norway;Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Minnesota, USA;Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Bergen, Norway |
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Abstract: | All cruciate ligament injuries in the three upper divisions for men and women (3392 players) in Norwegian team handball in the 1989-90 and 1990–91 seasons were registered. A questionnaire was mailed to all injured players. Ninety-three cruciate ligament injuries were registered; 87 in the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), and six in the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). Among women, 1.8% were injured compared with 1.0% of the men. In the first division, the risk of being injured was considerably higher: 4.5% of the players had a cruciate ligament injury. There were 0.97 cruciate ligament injuries per 1000 playing hours in the three divisions taken together. Seventy-five per cent of the injuries occurred during games. Ninety-five per cent involved no contact between players. Activities in which the friction between shoe and floor was significant caused 55% of the injuries. Injuries caused by running into another player contributed to only 5% of the injuries. No significant differences were observed in injury incidence during matches between different types of floors (parquet, Pulastic and other synthetic sufaces). |
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Keywords: | etiology cruciate ligament injuries European team handball |
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