慢性哮喘豚鼠及其在低氧干预下海马脑区超微结构的变化

目的 探讨慢性哮喘动物模型海马超微结构变化及其在低氧干预后的改变。方法 复制慢性哮喘动物模型，分为低压低氧(低压舱)治疗组、常压低氧吸人治疗组及不治组，并设正常对照组，电镜观察海马超微结构变化。结果 电镜下慢性哮喘豚鼠海马神经元粗面内质网扩张，线粒体脊断裂、模糊，突触小泡减少、突触后膜稍肿胀；星状、小胶质细胞增生、胞浆肿胀、空泡形成；血管周围间隙增宽、基底膜肿胀、模糊、管腔狭窄。低氧干预后海马神经元核仁明显，细胞器丰富，粗面内网轻度扩张，突触小泡较丰富，突触后膜较致密，突触间隙略显增宽，胶质细胞及血管未见明显病变。结论 反复发作的慢性哮喘可因缺氧致海马超微结构发生变化，经低压低氧及常压低氧治疗后因哮喘所致的海马超微结构损伤明显好转.

Ultrastructural changes of hippocampus in guinea pigs with chronic asthma and the effects of hypoxia treatment

Objective To investigate the ultrastructural changes of hippocampus in the guinea pigs with chronic asthma and the effects of hypoxia treatment on the hippocampal ultrastructures. Methods The replicated animal model of chronic asthma was divided into hypoxia(low pressure chamber) treatment group, normal pressure hypoxia inhaling treatment group, non treatment group and control group. The ultrastructural changes of hippocampus were observed with electron microscope. Results Expanded rough endoplasmic reticulum, ruptured cloudy mitochondrion carina, decreased synaptic vesicles and swollen postsynaptic membrane, proliferation of astrocytes and microglia proliferated, swelling of cytoplasm, vacuolation, broadened milieu interspace of blood vessels, swelling of cloudy basement membrane with constricted duct cava were found. After hypoxia, clear neuron nucleoli, plenty organells, slightly expanded rough endoplasmic reticulum, fairly plenty synaptic vesicles, more dense post synaptic membrane and slightly broadened synaptic space were also found. No apparent pathologic changes were found in glial cells and the blood vessels. Conclusion Recurrent chronic asthma may result in the ultrastructural changes of hippocampus due to hypoxia. Treatment with low pressure hypoxia and normal pressure hypoxia may be helpful to the improvement of ultrastructural injury of hippocampus due to asthma.