Collagen type Ⅳ对周围神经中再生轴突及非神经元细胞的作用和影响

本文用抗ｃｏｌｌａｇｅｎｔｙｐｅⅣ对抗体阻断ｃｏｌｌａｇｅｎｔｙｎｅⅣ的方法，研究了ｃｏｌｌａｇｅｎｔｙｐｅⅣ失活的移植神经段（长１０ｍｍ）植入大鼠坐骨神经后对再生轴突和非神经元细胞的作用和影响．实验结果显示：在移植神经段近端距近侧吻合口１ｍｍ处，术后１０ｄ抗ｃｏｌｌａｇｅｎｔｙｐｅⅣ组再生轴突数为对照组的５４％，术后１５ｄ增加到６６％，术后３０ｄ高达９４％．在移植神经段远侧距近侧吻合口９ｍｍ处，术后３０ｄ抗ｃｏｌｌａｇｅｎｔｙｐｅⅣ组再生轴突数为对照组的５８％。表明抗ｃｏｌｌａｇｅｎｔｙｐｅⅣ组再生轴突的生长启动和生长速度明显慢于对照组．巨噬细胞在移植神经段内的滞留数量抗ｃｏｌｌａｇｅｎｔｙｐｅⅣ组明显多于对照组．这些结果揭示ｃｏｌｌａｇｅｎｔｙｐｅⅣ在神经损伤和再生中对促进轴突的生长和维持神经微环境的平衡起着积极的作用．本文对ｃｏｌｌａｇｅｎｔｙｐｅⅣ在神经再生中的作用机制作了初步的分析和探讨。

EFFECTS OF ENDOGENOUS COLLAGEN TYPE Ⅳ ON THE REGENERATING AXONS AND NON-NEURON CELLS IN PERIPHERAL NERVES

Collagen type Ⅳ on the nerve grafts was immunologically blocked with its specific antibody and the grafts(10 mm long) were implanted in rat sciatic nerve to observe the effects of collagen type Ⅳ-blocked grafts on regenerating axons and non-neuron cells. The results showed that the number of regenerating axons at 1 mm portion in the experimental grafts was about 54% of that in the control group 10 days after implantation, 66 % at day 15 and 94% at day 30. The number of regenerating axons at 9 mm portion in the experimental grafts was about 58% of that in the control group at day 30. These date implicated that the commencement of axon growth was delayed and the growth speed of regenerating axons in the experimental group were lower than that in the control group. The number of macrophages in the experimental group was obviously larger than that in the control group. These result suggest that collagen type Ⅳ play an active role in regulating the growth of regenerating axons and maintaining the balance of neural mircoenvironment after nerve injury. The mechanism of which may include a direct effect on the regenerating axons as well as an indirect effect by way os laminin and Schwann cells.