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Trimellitic anhydride-induced airway syndromes: Clinical and immunologic studies
Authors:CRaymond Zeiss  Roy Patterson  Jacob J Pruzansky  Michael M Miller  Michael Rosenberg  Doris Levitz
Institution:From the Department of Medicine, Section of Allergy-Immunology, and the Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Medical School Chicago, Ill., U.S.A.
Abstract:This report describes a spectrum of respiratory symptoms in workers exposed to trimellitic anhydride (TMA), a biologically reactive chemical used in the plastics industry. Fourteen workers who had worked on a unit which synthesized TMA were evaluated by clinical and immunologic methods. Respiratory syndromes induced by TMA inhalation included asthma and rhinitis of the immediate type, late onset asthma with systemic symptoms, and airway irritation. TMA was shown to couple rapidly to human serum albumin, forming an immunoreactive hapten-protein complex. The workers' immunologic reactivity to this complex could be quantitated and correlated with the three respiratory syndromes. The asthma-rhinitis syndrome was mediated by IgE antibody specific for the TMA hapten. The syndrome of late onset asthma with systemic symptoms was accompanied by elevated levels of TMA-specific IgG antibody. Rheumatoid factor in high titer was found in one worker with IgE-mediated asthma and in two workers with asthma of late onset. Lymphocyte reactivity of TMA-HSA was demonstrated in three workers representative of the three clinical syndromes. Leukocyte histamine release was demonstrated to TMA-HSA in one worker with high levels of IgE antibody specific for TMA-HSA who had severe symptoms of acute rhinitis and asthma.
Keywords:Reprint requests to: C  Raymond Zeiss  M  D    Department of Medicine  Northwestern University Medical School  303 E  Chicago Ave    Chicago  Ill  60611  
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