HIV经输血传播的防范与献血跟踪策略

目的探索预防窗口期献血者导致输血传播HIV的方法.方法分析HIV感染窗口期的特点;论证献血跟踪策略（即血站采血后并不立即发出,而是将血液储存起来,并跟踪献血者自献血之日起到1个窗口期之后的1次HIV检验结果,只有跟踪结果阴性才能确认所采血液合格,否则不能发出.）的优越性.结果无法通过革新检测技术来消除HIV感染窗口期;病毒灭活技术也不能完全避免HIV经输血传播;献血跟踪策略的实施需要依赖血液长期保存技术、献血者的理解支持和法规政策的许可,而且会花费更多的检测费用和血液存储成本.但是,这一策略的实施,不仅可以掐断HIV经输血传播的渠道,还可以杜绝HCV、HBV等病原体经输血传播.结论献血跟踪策略是预防窗口期献血者导致输血传播HIV的有效方法,必然会赢得献血者和政策制定部门的支持.

Prevention of HIV transmission through transfusion and the trailing blood donor strategy

Objective To explore a new method to prevent HIV transmission by blood donors in window phase.Methods To anlyse the charactor of HIV window phase.A new strategy is proposed: trailing blood donor protocol.As this protocol,the bloods donated by blood donor will be stored for a period longer than a window phase,and the blood donor will take an additional HIV test in someday at least a window phase after his blood donation.Only if the additional test result is negative,the blood collected from this blood donor can be thought safe.ResultsThe window phase is the nature progress of HIV infection,it could not be erased by promoting the sensitivity of detection methods.The transmission of HIV through transfusion could not be completely avoided by inactivation of blood virus.The trailing blood donor protocol will block not only the way HIV transmission through transfusion,but also the way blood transfusion associated virus,such as HCV,HBV transmission through transfusion.Conclusion The trailing blood donor protocol may be an usefull strategy preventing HIV transmission by blood donors in window phase.It was believed that the protocol would win the support of blood donors and laws makers and do its role in prevention of HIV transmission through transfusion.