DNA疫苗抗肿瘤研究进展

质粒ＤＮＡ或称裸ＤＮＡ疫苗直接肌肉注射后，能表达编码基因的蛋白，并诱导宿主免疫反应。这为肿瘤基因－免疫治疗提供了一种新的途径。近１０年的研究表明，ＤＮＡ疫苗表达质粒骨架中的免疫刺激序列具有佐剂效应和促有丝分裂作用，这与免疫反应的诱导有密切关系。注射部位的肌细胞起着抗原蛋白表达储池作用，通过骨髓来源的抗原呈递细胞，最终诱发宿主体内ＣＴＬ和抗体反应。ＤＮＡ疫苗抗肿瘤的靶向性是由插入表达质粒的编码基因所

Advances in the researches of DNA vaccines against tumors

The injection of naked plasmid DNA directly into the muscle cells of hosts has been shown to induce potent immune responses, as well as to express large amounts of gene product; this has provided a new way of treatment for tumor. The past ten years have witnessed tremendous growth in the field of gene therapy for cancer using intramuscular injection of plasmid DNA. Many studies have suggested that the immunostimulatory DNA sequences(ISS) in vector backbone of plasmid DNA, delivering adjuvant and mitogenic activity, are necessary for effective intradermal gene immunization. It has been postulated that muscle cells serve as a reservoir of expressed antigen with subsequent transfer to bone marrow derived APCs. Thus, immunization with plasmid DNA can trigger strong and persistent cell mediated and humoral immune responses to the antigen encoded by the plasmid. Increasing evidence demonstrates that DNA immunization can prevent or inhibit tumor development. In this review, the present authors presented a discussion on the characteristics of immune response to DNA vaccines and a summary of the effects of immune response against tumors.