中国农村贫困地区合作医疗实施中政府失灵和市场失灵的表现

回顾与总结了10个贫困县实施合作医疗3年来的经验和问题。贫困县的社会，经济状况决定需要国家财政转移支付，没有集体经济扶持，个人投入有限，年人均纯收入700元以上才有支付能力，意愿支付只有13元，供方分析农村卫生服务机构效率低下，完善合作医疗后医师处方行为发生改变，并对政府失灵及市场失灵的种表现进行了分析，最后提出了对贫困地区实施合作医疗的具体政策建议。

Government Failure and Market Failure on the Implementation of Cooperative Medical Scheme in Impoverished Areas of Rural China

The paper reviews and summarizes the experience and bottleneck issues on the implementation of rural cooperative medical scheme (RCMS) in the impoverished areas of China. The socio - economic status of the poor countries determines requiring financial transfer from public finance. There is no collective economy supporting RCMS and The individual contribution is limited. Only does the annual net income per capital is beyond 700 yuan(RMB), one has the ability to pay. The level of willingness -to - pay was only 13 yuan in 1999. Provider - side analysis showed that after implementing RCMS, doctors would change their prescribing behavior. The paper analyzes the phenomena of government failure and market failure in the implementation of RCMS. Finally, the author gives some policy recommendations for future development of RCMS in poor rural areas in China.