结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染相关抗原的研究进展

结核病是全世界范围内危害人类健康的主要传染病之一。结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染者是结核病的主要来源，早期发现、诊断并有效治疗潜伏感染是有效控制结核病蔓延的重要措施之一。目前，结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染抗原主要包括与结核分枝杆菌缺氧、营养缺乏及与结核分枝杆菌复苏、再激活相关的蛋白。有些潜伏感染相关抗原具有良好的T细胞免疫能力，尤其更易在被潜伏感染人群中识别，有望成为新型的结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染诊断标志物及潜伏感染候选疫苗；有些潜伏感染相关抗原对B淋巴细胞具有较强免疫原性，在结核病体液免疫诊断方面有潜在诊断价值。这些潜伏感染相关蛋白在未来结核分枝杆菌潜伏疫苗及诊断试剂开发中具有良好的应用前景。

Research progress of Mycobacterium tuberculosis latency-associated antigens

Tuberculosis （TB） is one of the major threats to human health worldwide. Mycobacterium tuberculosis （Mtb） latent infection is a major source of tuberculosis infection. Early detection, diagnosis and effective treatment of latent infection are the important measures to effectively control the spread of TB. Currently, the Mycobacterium tuberculosis latent infection-associated antigens include hypoxia, nutritional deficiencies and proteins related to resuscitation and reactivation. Some latent infection-associated antigens have the ability of T-cell-mediated immunity, especially more vulnerable to be recognized by latent infection populations, are expected to become a new type of Mtb latent infection diagnostic marker and vaccine candidates; some latent infection-associated antigens have strong B lymphocytes immunogenicity, are expected to have potential diagnostic value in tuberculosis diagnosis. These latent infection-associated proteins have good prospects on latent tuberculosis vaccines and diagnostic reagents in the future.