乳腺癌导管内干预的研究进展

随着对乳腺癌生物学行为的深入认识，乳腺癌的根治术正向微创术式转变。对于早期乳腺癌特别是乳腺导管原位癌（duc-tal carcinoma in situ，DCIS）或癌前病变的患者，构建创伤性小、全身毒性低的干预措施是目前亟待解决的问题之一。乳腺癌导管内干预是通过乳腺天然的哺乳导管开口，借助合适的载体对乳腺导管系统病变进行诊疗干预，从而实现乳腺癌的微创治疗。将乳腺癌导管内干预与靶向治疗、内分泌治疗及免疫治疗等相结合，有望进一步提高精准治疗效果。结合我国乳腺癌患者临床病理特点，将纳米技术、分子影像技术及基因测序技术有机结合，进行乳腺癌导管内干预的机制研究，是临床应用、基础研究的重点内容之一。本文主要对乳腺癌导管内干预的研究进展进行综述。 

Advances in intraductal therapy for breast cancer prevention and treatment

The understanding of the biological behavior of breast cancer has deepened, hence, local treatments for breast cancer have changed from resection to minimally invasive surgery. For patients with early breast cancer, constructing a minimally invasive interven-tion with low systemic toxicity is a problem, especially for cases involving precancerous lesions. Intraductal therapy for breast cancer, which is performed by inserting reagents through breastfeeding openings using suitable carriers, is a promising, accurate, and minimal-ly invasive method for breast cancer prevention and treatment. The combination of intraductal therapy with new therapeutic strate-gies, such as targeted therapy, endocrine therapy, and immunotherapy, might improve the therapeutic effect. Moreover, the mecha-nisms of intraductal therapy for breast cancer incorporate nanotechnology, molecular imaging, and gene sequencing. Intraductal thera-py is based on clinical and pathologic characteristics of Chinese breast cancer patients, and such characteristics must be determined prior to clinical application. This article mainly discusses the research progress of breast intraductal intervention.