中国食管癌高发区磁县上消化道癌两个时期发病率的比较与分析

  目的  探讨我国食管癌高发区磁县上消化道癌不同时期发病率情况。  方法  分析磁县2003~2012年上消化道癌发病资料，计算年度发病率，中国人口结构标化发病率(简称中标率)和世界人口结构标化发病率(简称世标率)，并分割为前后两个时期，进行年度及各年龄组比较。  结果  2003~2012年上消化道癌粗发病率为165.36/10万。其中2003~2007年粗发病率为171.55/10万，2008~2012年粗发病率为151.41/10万，后5年发病率较前5年有所降低；其中食管癌2003~2012年粗发病率为108.05/10万，前后两个时期比较(2003~2007年为116.87/10万，2008~2012年为99.58/10万)，后5年较前5年明显下降；贲门癌2003~2012年总体粗发病率为31.21/10万，两个时期比较(2003~2007年为29.11/10万，2008~2012年为33.23/10万)后5年较前5年有所升高；远端胃癌2003~2012年总体粗发病率为26.10/10万，两个时期比较(2003~2007年粗发病率为25.57/10万，2008~2012年为26.60/10万)后5年较前5年略有增高。  结论  食管癌发病下降明显，但仍是磁县居民发病的首位，贲门癌明显上升，远端胃癌男性增高明显，而女性略有下降，提示需重点开展贲门癌及远端胃的防治，早诊早治非常重要。 

A comparative analysis of the incidence rates of esophageal cancer and upper diges-tive tract cancer in Cixian County,Hebei Province,China

Objective:To investigate the incidence rate of upper digestive tract cancer in Cixian, China, a particular area with high inci-dence of esophageal cancer. Methods:Statistical analysis was performed on the 2003-2012 incidence data of upper digestive tract can-cer in Cixian. The annual incidence rate, Chinese population standardized incidence rate (the bid rate), and structure of world popula-tion standardized incidence rate (referred to as the world standard rate) were calculated. The incidence data were divided into two groups according to period (2003-2007 and 2008-2012), and different age groups were compared. Results:From 2003 to 2012, the in-cidence of upper gastrointestinal cancer was 165.36/10 million. The 2003-2007 crude incidence rate was 171.55/10 million), whereas 2008-2012 crude incidence rate was 151.41/10 million which has reduced over the last five years. Esophageal cancer incidence from 2003 to 2012 had a crude incidence rate of 108.05/10 million during the two periods (from 2003 to 2007, the incidence rate was 116.87/10 million;and from 2008 to 2012, 99.58/10 million), the crude incidence rate of the latter 5-year period has declined obvious-ly. From 2003 to 2012, the overall crude incidence rate of cardia cancer was 31.21/10 million, comparison of two peaiods (from 2003 to 2007 was 29.11/10 million, and 2008-2012, 33.23/10 million) indicated that the level of measurement of the latter period in-creased. At the same period, the overall incidence rate of gastric cancer was 26.10/10 million, comparison of the two periods (2003-2007 the crude incidence rate was 25.57/10 million, 2008-2012 was 26.60/10 million) indicated that the level of the parameter in the latter 5 years increased slightly. Conclusion:The incidence of esophageal cancer in Cixian decreased significantly, but the area remains to have the highest incidence rate of cardiac cancer morbidity. The incidence rate of distal gastric cancer increased significantly in males but decreased slightly in females, which suggests that early diagnosis and treatment of gastric cardia and distal stomach cancer is extremely important.