PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂在前列腺癌免疫治疗中的研究进展

前列腺癌（prostate cancer，PCa）发病率呈逐年上升趋势，前列腺癌免疫治疗已成为继外科、放疗、化疗之后的第四种治疗方法。作为当今肿瘤免疫治疗领域最具有研究前景的免疫检查点抑制剂中的程序性死亡受体-1（programmed cell death-1，PD-1）/程序性死亡配体-1（programmed cell death-ligand1，PD-L1）抑制剂，通过阻断PD-1与其配体PD-L1结合，从而终止T细胞的负性调控信号，使T细胞的活性恢复，进而逆转肿瘤免疫逃逸机制，恢复自身免疫应答，最后起到抑制和杀伤肿瘤的作用。本文就目前应用于前列腺癌临床试验的PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂的现况和临床疗效研究进展进行综述。 

Research progress on PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in prostate cancer immunotherapy

The annual incidence of prostate cancer (PCa) continually increases. New PCa immune therapy has become the fourth line antitumor treatment following surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. As the most promising research direction in cancer immunotherapy,immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as programmed cell death-1 and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitors, block PD-1 and its ligand PD-L1 and then terminate the negative control signal to the T cell, thereby facilitating T cell recovery and reversal of tumor immune-escaping mechanism. These processes restore the capability of T cells for immune response and inhibit and kill tumor cells. This review summarizes the progress on the current application of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in PCa clinical trials.