光镜对尿中红细胞形态观察的意义

目的 探讨应用细胞活体染色方法在光镜下观察尿中红细胞形态对临床诊断的意义。方法 应用位相差显微镜和应用红细胞活体染色在普通光镜下分别观察了1661例尿标本（其中肾小球性血尿1483例，非肾小球性血尿178例）尿中红细胞形态并做对比。结果 在1483例肾小球性血尿中，位相差镜的准确率为99．8％，而光镜为99．1％。在178例非肾小球性血尿中，位相差镜和光镜的准确率均为100％。对1661例尿标本的观察，两总符合率为99．4％。结论 应用细胞活体染色方法在普通光镜下检查尿中红细胞形态来鉴别肾小球性和非肾小球性血尿的方法与位相差镜下观察的结果一致，并且简便、准确性亦高，可在基层医疗单位中广泛应用。

Significance of RBC morphology in urine by light microscope

Objective To study the significance of RBC morphology by light microscope using cell intravital staining. Methods 1 661 specimens with hematuria were detected by phase microscope and light microscope using intravital staining(specimens with nephritic hematuria were 1 483 and nonnephritic hematuria were 178). Results In 1 483 specimens with nephitic hematuria accuracy rate was 99.8% by phase microscope and 99.1% by light microscope.In 178 specimens with nonnephritic hematuria specimens accuracy rate was both 100%.Correspondence rate of two methods(phase and light microscope) was 99.4% in all hematuira specimens. Conclusion There are no significant difference by light microscope and by phase microscope to study the RBC morphology. Differentiation of nephritic and nonnephiric hematuria by light microscope using RBC intravital staining is a simple and highly accuracy method, It may be used widely in basic medical units.